Multi-Layer Multi-Steering Antenna for 3D Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current autonomous driving technologies face challenges in detecting and classifying targets in the surrounding environment with the same level of accuracy as humans, particularly in adverse weather conditions and long-range object detection, due to limitations in sensor fusion and resolution across various sensors like cameras, lidars, and radars.
Innovation Solution
A Multi-Layer, Multi-Steering (MLMS) antenna array system for millimeter wavelength applications is introduced, which includes a multilayered structure with a transition layer for wideband frequency response and minimal reflection, integrated with a radar system in autonomous vehicles to provide true 3D vision and human-like interpretation of the environment, combining with camera and lidar sensors for enhanced object detection and identification.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional single-layer antenna systems are used, then the device complexity is low, but the measurement precision and detection accuracy in adverse weather conditions deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is divided into multiple layers (first antenna layer, second antenna layer, third antenna layer) with different orientations and functions. Each layer contains multiple antenna elements that can be independently controlled, allowing the system to segment the detection space into different angular sectors and achieve higher measurement precision through coordinated operation of segmented components
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a single-layer two-dimensional antenna arrangement to a multi-layer three-dimensional configuration. The antenna elements are distributed across multiple layers at different heights and orientations, creating a volumetric detection capability that adds a vertical dimension to the traditional planar antenna system, thereby improving detection accuracy in adverse weather
2Adaptability or versatility
If multi-layer antenna structures are implemented, then the detection capability and 3D vision are improved, but the manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The multi-layer antenna structure serves multiple functions simultaneously: the first layer provides omnidirectional detection, the second layer provides directional detection in specific sectors, and the third layer provides additional angular coverage. This universal design allows a single integrated structure to perform multiple detection tasks that would otherwise require separate systems, improving versatility while managing manufacturing complexity through functional integration
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna system employs a nested configuration where antenna elements are arranged in concentric or hierarchical patterns across multiple layers. The first, second, and third layers are positioned and oriented to create a nested detection volume, with each layer contributing to the overall three-dimensional detection capability while fitting within a compact structural envelope
3Measurement precision
If advanced multi-layer antenna systems are used, then the long-range object detection capability is improved, but the device complexity and system integration difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system incorporates dynamic beam steering capabilities where the phase and amplitude of signals from individual antenna elements can be adjusted in real-time. This dynamic control allows the system to electronically steer detection beams across different angular sectors and focal points, enabling long-range detection of moving objects while adapting to changing environmental conditions without mechanical movement
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces signal processing circuits and control systems as intermediary components between the multi-layer antenna elements and the detection output. These intermediaries manage the complex interactions between multiple antenna layers by providing signal conditioning, phase control, and data fusion functions, thereby reducing the overall system integration difficulty while maintaining long-range detection capability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The MLMS antenna system enables reliable long-range detection and identification of objects with high accuracy, even in adverse weather, by providing a 360° true 3D vision and human-like interpretation, enhancing the overall autonomy of driving functions through sensor fusion and improved radar capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
A Multi-Layer, Multi-Steering (MLMS) antenna array for millimeter wavelength (mm-wave) applications is disclosed
Implementation Method 2
integrated with a radar system in autonomous vehicles to provide true 3D vision
Data Source
AI summary
Examples disclosed herein relate to a multi-layer, multi-steering (MLMS) antenna array for autonomous vehicles. The MLMS antenna array includes a superelement antenna array layer comprising superelement subarrays, in which each superelement subarray includes radiating slots for radiating a transmission signal. The MLMS antenna array also includes a power divider layer coupled to the superelement antenna array layer and configured to serve as a feed to the superelement antenna array layer, in which the power divider layer is coupled to phase shifters that apply different phase shifts to transmission signals propagating to the superelement antenna array layer. The MLMS antenna array also includes a transition layer configured to couple the power divider layer and the superelement antenna array layer to the phase shifters through transition structures such as through-hole vias. Other examples disclosed herein include a radar system for use in an autonomous driving vehicle.