Modular Multilevel Converter Variable DC Voltage Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional AC/DC/AC power converters with constant DC voltage are unsuitable for variable speed drive applications due to excessive voltage oscillations in capacitors at low machine frequencies, which cannot be maintained within acceptable ranges passively.

Innovation Solution

The power converter operates with a variable bipolar DC voltage and unipolar DC current, using a reduced full-bridge submodule topology and a controller to manage the DC voltage and current for effective power flow between network and machine-side converter units, allowing for controllable submodule output states and reduced voltage oscillations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If conventional AC/DC/AC power converters with constant DC voltage are used, then the power converter structure is simple and easy to control, but excessive voltage oscillations occur in capacitors at low machine frequencies

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol simplicityVSAvoidcapacitor voltage stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies the dynamics principle by transitioning from a static constant DC voltage system to a dynamic variable DC voltage system. The DC voltage is actively adjusted based on machine frequency to maintain stable capacitor voltages across the entire operating range, particularly at low frequencies where conventional constant voltage systems fail.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements parameter changes by varying the DC voltage parameter dynamically. Instead of maintaining a fixed DC voltage, the system changes the DC voltage parameter in response to machine frequency variations, thereby preventing excessive capacitor voltage oscillations and enabling stable operation at low frequencies.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Device complexity

If constant DC voltage is maintained, then the power flow control is simplified, but the converter cannot support variable speed drive applications at low frequencies

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower flow control complexityVSAvoidvariable speed drive capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The system employs dynamic adjustment of DC voltage to adapt to varying operating conditions. This dynamic behavior enables the converter to support variable speed drive applications across the full frequency range, including low frequencies, while maintaining manageable control complexity through systematic voltage adjustment strategies.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

By changing the DC voltage parameter dynamically, the converter achieves adaptability for variable speed drive applications. The parameter change approach allows the system to maintain stable operation at low frequencies where constant voltage systems would fail, thereby expanding the converter's operational versatility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Stability of the object's composition

If the DC voltage is reduced at low machine frequencies, then voltage oscillations in capacitors are limited, but the power flow management becomes more complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecapacitor voltage oscillation controlVSAvoidpower flow management complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent systematically changes the DC voltage parameter in response to machine frequency to limit capacitor voltage oscillations. This parameter change strategy effectively controls voltage stability while the associated power flow management complexity is handled through coordinated control of both converter units.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The system employs feedback mechanisms where the DC voltage is adjusted based on machine frequency and capacitor voltage conditions. This feedback approach enables effective oscillation control while managing power flow through adaptive voltage regulation, balancing stability requirements with control complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentEP4213330A1Power converters and methods of operating power converters
Publication Date: 2023.07.19 GE ENERGY POWER CONVERSION TECHNOLOGY LTD(GB)
  • EP4213330A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4213330A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4213330A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A power converter (1) configured as a variable speed drive (VSD) is described. The power converter (1) includes a network-side converter unit (2) with one or more AC terminals electrically connectable to an AC power network (8) and a machine-side converter unit (4) with one or more AC terminals electrically connectable to an electrical machine (e.g., a motor). The DC terminals (6a, 6b) of the network-side converter unit (2) are electrically connected to the DC terminals (6c, 6d) of the machine-side converter unit (4). The network-side and machine-side converter units are configured as modular multilevel converters (MMCs). The power converter (1) is adapted to carry a variable bipolar DC voltage and a unipolar DC current. A controller is used to control one of the network-side and machine-side converter units (2, 4). The controller is adapted to control the magnitude and polarity of the intermediate DC voltage to achieve a desired magnitude and direction of power flow between the network-side and machine-side converter units (2, 4).