Multimode Optical Fiber Refractive Index Profile Optimization

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Solution Overview

Problem

Traditional multimode fibers are not ideally suited for broadband wavelength division multiplexing applications due to strong wavelength dependence, leading to limited channel reach and increased distortion, as they have large spectral widths and material dispersion, which limits the number of channels and achievable distances in high-speed optical communication systems.

Innovation Solution

The refractive index profile of multimode optical fibers is modified to balance modal and chromatic dispersion effects, optimizing channel reach by equalizing channel reaches for different wavelengths and reducing material dispersion, thereby improving fiber performance for multi-wavelength optical communication channels.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If traditional laser-optimized MMF is used for WDM applications, then VCSEL-based communication is cost-effective, but channel reach is limited and distortion increases due to strong wavelength dependence

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecost-effectivenessVSAvoidchannel reach
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the refractive index profile parameters (alpha value and peak wavelength) of the MMF to optimize performance for WDM applications. Specifically, the fiber is designed with an alpha value between 1.8-2.2 and a peak wavelength between 820-880nm, which balances modal and chromatic dispersion across multiple wavelengths, thereby extending channel reach while maintaining cost-effectiveness of VCSEL-based systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements local quality by creating a specific refractive index profile distribution within the fiber core. The graded-index profile with controlled alpha value and peak wavelength positioning ensures that different radial regions of the core have optimized light propagation characteristics, reducing wavelength-dependent distortion and extending reach for multi-wavelength WDM transmission

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Productivity

If VCSEL modulation rates are increased to provide higher throughput, then data rate increases, but modal and chromatic dispersion effects cause differing distortion at different wavelengths

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata rateVSAvoidwavelength-dependent distortion
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses parameter changes by optimizing the refractive index profile (alpha value and peak wavelength) to compensate for dispersion effects that become more pronounced at higher modulation rates. This allows the fiber to maintain consistent performance across multiple wavelengths even when VCSEL modulation rates are increased for higher data rates

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Productivity

If the number of parallel lanes is increased to achieve higher aggregate data rates, then throughput increases, but the strong wavelength dependence of traditional MMF limits the number of usable channels

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaggregate data rateVSAvoidnumber of WDM channels
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies universality by designing an MMF that can universally support multiple WDM channels across different wavelengths (including 850nm VCSEL and 1300nm Fabry-Perot laser wavelengths). The optimized refractive index profile enables the single fiber to handle multiple wavelength channels with comparable performance, increasing adaptability and versatility for broadband WDM applications

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

4Reliability

If MMF is optimized for single wavelength operation, then performance at that wavelength is maximized, but performance degrades at other wavelengths due to material dispersion

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveperformance at operating wavelengthVSAvoidbroadband WDM performance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by selecting and optimizing the refractive index profile parameters (alpha value and peak wavelength) to achieve a balance between performance at specific wavelengths and broadband performance. This allows the fiber to maintain reliable performance across multiple wavelengths for WDM applications rather than being optimized for a single wavelength

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances the reach and performance of multimode fibers in broadband WDM applications by minimizing modal and chromatic dispersion interactions, increasing channel bandwidth and reducing Inter-symbol Interference, thereby extending the reach of high-speed optical communication systems.

Implementation Method 1

the peak wavelength balances the modal and chromatic dispersion effects with other power penalties at the transmission wavelengths for optimized reaches

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectModal dispersion: Dispersion (of waves)

Implementation Method 2

the peak wavelength balances the modal and chromatic dispersion effects with other power penalties at the transmission wavelengths for optimized reaches

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChromatic dispersion: Dispersion (of waves)

Implementation Method 3

MMF performance may be further improved by reducing the material dispersion of the fiber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMaterial dispersion: Dispersion (of waves)

Data Source

PatentEP3177948B1Method of design and manufacture of a multimode optical fiber
Publication Date: 2021.07.28 PANDUIT CORP
  • EP3177948B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3177948B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3177948B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

The present invention relates generally to multimode optical fibers (MMFs) and methods for optimizing said MMFs for transmission for at least two optical wavelengths. In an embodiment, the present invention is a multimode optical fiber optimized for multi-wavelength transmission in communication systems utilizing VCSEL transceivers, where the MMF has a bandwidth designed to maximize and equalize channel reach for multiple wavelengths, and/or where the MMF minimizes for wavelength dependent optical power penalties at one or more wavelengths. The alpha coefficient of the refractive index profile is numerically optimized for all wavelengths based on a transmission model that includes calculation of, inter alia, modal dispersion and chromatic dispersion effects.