Millimeter-Wave Beam Tracking via Microwave Channel Intermediary
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing millimeter-wave communication systems face high time and signal overheads due to beam sweeping, especially in high-speed movement scenarios, which leads to outdated beam tracking results.
Innovation Solution
A millimeter-wave beam tracking method using a deep neural network (DNN) fusion model that incorporates time sequence microwave channel information and user location information to achieve low-overheads and fast beam tracking, thereby selecting a millimeter-wave optimum beam.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If beam sweeping is used to track millimeter-wave beams, then beam direction can be measured, but time overhead and signal overhead increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces microwave channel information as an intermediary to infer millimeter-wave beam directions. Instead of directly measuring millimeter-wave beams through sweeping, the system uses microwave signals as a mediator to predict millimeter-wave channel states, thereby avoiding the time-consuming beam sweeping process while still achieving accurate beam direction estimation
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary beam direction prediction using microwave channel information before actual millimeter-wave transmission. By pre-establishing the relationship between microwave and millimeter-wave channels and predicting optimal beam directions in advance, the system eliminates the need for time-consuming real-time beam sweeping during millimeter-wave communication
2Measurement precision
If beam sweeping is used to track millimeter-wave beams, then beam direction can be measured, but signal overhead increases
Solution Approach 1:
Microwave channel information serves as an intermediary that carries spatial and channel state information needed for beam tracking. By encoding beam direction predictions in microwave channel measurements rather than using extensive millimeter-wave sweeping signals, the system significantly reduces the signal overhead required for beam direction measurement
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates a mapping relationship (copy) between microwave channel states and millimeter-wave beam directions. This mapping model allows the system to infer millimeter-wave beam information from microwave measurements, effectively copying the essential spatial information from the microwave domain to the millimeter-wave domain without requiring direct millimeter-wave sweeping
3Measurement precision
If beam sweeping is used for beam tracking, then beam direction can be obtained, but beam tracking results become outdated in high-speed movement scenarios
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary beam direction prediction using microwave channel information that changes more slowly and provides stable spatial references. By establishing beam directions in advance based on microwave measurements before millimeter-wave transmission, the system ensures beam accuracy even during high-speed movement when real-time sweeping would be too slow
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a dynamic beam tracking system that continuously updates beam directions based on real-time microwave channel information and user location data. This dynamic approach allows the system to adapt to high-speed movement conditions by frequently updating predictions without requiring slow beam sweeping processes
4Productivity
If massive MIMO and beamforming are used to compensate for millimeter-wave path loss, then communication capacity improves, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses microwave channel information as an intermediary to simplify the complex task of millimeter-wave beam management. By leveraging the simpler microwave channel measurements to guide millimeter-wave beamforming, the system reduces the complexity of managing massive MIMO systems at millimeter-wave frequencies while still achieving the necessary beamforming gains for high-capacity communication
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a millimeter-wave beam tracking method in a microwave and millimeter wave heterogeneous network scenario, including: establishing a millimeter-wave beam tracking problem in the microwave and millimeter wave heterogeneous network scenario; for the millimeter-wave beam tracking problem, constructing a deep neural network (DNN) fusion model that performs millimeter-wave beam tracking by using time sequence microwave channel information and user location information; pre-training the DNN fusion model by using training data; configuring a pre-trained beam tracking deep learning model in a base station controller of an actual access network, performing millimeter-wave beam tracking according to actually input microwave channel information and user location information, and selecting a millimeter-wave optimum beam; and collecting the input information to continuously train and update the DNN fusion model.