mmWave Full-Duplex Hybrid Beamforming for ISAC Self-Interference
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing FD ISAC systems face challenges in simultaneously estimating the range and direction of multiple radar targets while maintaining high DL communication rates due to self-interference and lack of integrated sensing and communication protocols.
Innovation Solution
A Full Duplex (FD)-based ISAC system with a massive MIMO BS node operating at mmWave frequencies, utilizing hybrid beamforming and self-interference cancellation, enables simultaneous radar target sensing and data transmission by optimizing A/D beamformers and SI cancellation to estimate Direction of Arrival (DoA), range, and relative velocity of multiple radar targets.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If FD ISAC systems use large MIMO FD Base Station with hybrid beamforming to maximize signal power in radar target direction, then radar target sensing performance is improved, but self-interference increases and makes simultaneous multi-target range estimation difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates self-interference through cooperative design of A/D beamformers and SI cancellation techniques. The system separates the harmful self-interference signal from the desired radar target reflections, enabling simultaneous sensing of multiple targets without interference from the base station's own transmissions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary SI cancellation mechanism that processes and removes self-interference signals before they affect radar target detection. This intermediary processing layer allows the system to maintain high signal power for radar targets while suppressing the harmful self-interference effects.
2Adaptability or versatility
If FD ISAC systems optimize A/D beamformers and SI cancellation to estimate DoA and range for multiple targets, then sensing capability for multiple targets is improved, but DL communication rate performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements multi-functionality by designing the FD ISAC system to simultaneously perform multiple tasks: downlink communication to mobile users and radar sensing for multiple targets. The same hardware platform and signal processing infrastructure serve both communication and sensing functions, eliminating the need for separate dedicated systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary action through cooperative design of A/D beamformers and SI cancellation techniques that are optimized before actual operation. The beamforming and cancellation parameters are pre-configured to simultaneously support both high DL communication rates and accurate multi-target sensing, ensuring both functions perform optimally from the outset.
3Device complexity
If existing FD ISAC systems use disassociated DoA and range estimation technique, then processing complexity is reduced, but ability to estimate range for multiple targets is limited to one target only
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the DoA and range estimation processes into a unified sensing framework that simultaneously handles multiple targets. Instead of separate disassociated estimation techniques, the system combines these functions to estimate both parameters for all targets concurrently, maintaining manageable complexity while enabling multi-target capability.
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure provides an example Full Duplex-based ISAC optimization system. The system includes: (a) a Full Duplex (FD) massive MIMO Base Station (BS) node configured to operate at mmWave frequencies and having a plurality of transmitter antenna elements and a plurality of receiver antenna elements configured to communicate in a DownLink (DL) direction with a plurality of mobile users that each have a plurality of antenna receiver elements, where the plurality of RX antenna elements of the FD massive MIMO BS node are configured to receive DL signals reflected by a plurality of radar targets, and (b) at least one processor detects the plurality of radar targets randomly distributed within a communication environment based on the reflected DL signals, where the processor determines an estimation of a Direction of Arrival (DoA), a range, and a relative velocity for radar targets while optimizing a DL communication rate to the mobile users.