Millimeter-Wave Isolation Device for High-Speed Signal Transmission
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current high voltage circuit isolators, such as photo couplers, capacitive coupling circuits, and coil inductive circuits, fail to meet the demands of fast response time, low delay, and high broadband digital signal processing, and are prone to short circuits, making them unsuitable for novel high voltage circuits that require efficient and safe signal transmission.
Innovation Solution
A millimeter-wave isolation device comprising a first and second isolated circuit connected through a millimeter-wave transceiver, utilizing millimeter-waves as carrier waves for signal transmission, which eliminates the need for additional isolation layers and prevents metal short circuits, enabling high-speed and efficient signal isolation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If photo coupler, capacitive coupling circuit or coil inductive circuit is used for signal isolation, then isolation function is achieved, but response time is slow and bandwidth is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional electrical isolation mechanisms (photo coupler, capacitive coupling, inductive coupling) with a millimeter-wave transceiver system that uses electromagnetic waves in the millimeter-wave band for signal transmission. This substitution enables much faster response times and broader bandwidth while maintaining isolation functionality, as millimeter-wave signals can be modulated at very high frequencies and transmitted through air or vacuum without the limitations of electrical coupling mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the operating frequency parameter to the millimeter-wave band (30-300 GHz), which provides vastly superior bandwidth and response time characteristics compared to traditional isolation circuits. By operating in this high-frequency regime, the system achieves transmission speeds up to 10 Gbps and bandwidths from 200 kHz to 20 GHz, resolving the speed limitation of conventional isolation methods.
2Reliability
If coil inductive circuit is used for signal isolation, then isolation is achieved, but area occupied is large
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the physical coil structure with a millimeter-wave transceiver that uses planar antenna elements. This substitution dramatically reduces the required area, as millimeter-wave antennas can be implemented as compact planar structures on PCBs or integrated circuits, eliminating the need for large inductors and magnetic shielding required by traditional inductive coupling isolation circuits.
3Reliability
If photo coupler is used for signal isolation, then isolation is achieved, but additional independent devices are required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the isolation function with the transceiver function into a single integrated system. The millimeter-wave transceiver simultaneously provides both signal transmission and galvanic isolation, eliminating the need for separate photo coupler devices and their associated optical components. This integration reduces component count and simplifies the overall system architecture while maintaining high isolation performance.
4Reliability
If capacitive coupling circuit is used for signal isolation, then isolation is achieved, but special oxide layer material is required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the capacitive coupling mechanism with a millimeter-wave electromagnetic transmission system. This substitution eliminates the requirement for special oxide layer materials and high-voltage capacitors, as the isolation is achieved through air or vacuum gaps combined with millimeter-wave antenna structures. The system can be manufactured using standard PCB fabrication or semiconductor manufacturing processes without requiring specialized high-voltage material deposition techniques.
5Reliability
If coil or capacitor is used for signal isolation, then isolation is achieved, but short circuit phenomenon may occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces electrical coupling elements (coils and capacitors) with a millimeter-wave transceiver system that transmits signals through electromagnetic waves in the air or vacuum. This substitution completely eliminates the risk of short circuits, as there is no direct electrical connection or stored energy in magnetic or electric fields that could cause short circuiting. The isolation is maintained through the non-conductive transmission medium while signal transmission occurs via electromagnetic radiation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The millimeter-wave isolation device achieves high bandwidth (200 kHz to 20 GHz) and transmission speed (100 kbps to 10 Gbps) with small antennas, ensuring safe and efficient signal transmission without short circuits, making it suitable for various high voltage circuit applications.
Implementation Method 1
by adopting a short distance transmission mode with millimeter-waves taken as carrier waves
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention discloses a millimeter-wave isolation device, comprising a first isolated circuit and a second isolated circuit and further comprising a millimeter-wave transceiver. An output end of the first isolated circuit is connected to an input end of the millimeter-wave transceiver. An output end of the millimeter-wave transceiver is connected to an input end of the second isolated circuit. The first isolated circuit and the second isolated circuit are isolated by virtue of the millimeter-wave transceiver. By adopting a short distance transmission mode with millimeter-waves taken as carrier waves, a bandwidth can reach 200 kHz to 20 GHz, and a transmission speed can reach 100 kbps to 10 Gbps. The speed is high, whereby the millimeter-wave isolation device can be applicable to any scenario. A millimeter-wave carrier wave antenna is small, and through the antenna, either wireless transmission or signal isolation can be achieved.