Millimeter-Wave Radar Sensor Occupancy Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing radar systems face challenges in accurately detecting and classifying objects, particularly humans, in various environments due to limitations in distance measurement and differentiation from other moving objects, especially in conditions like darkness or poor lighting.
Innovation Solution
A millimeter-wave radar sensor system that employs a two-step process using macro-Doppler and micro-Doppler measurements to identify and classify objects based on their motion patterns, vital signs such as heart rate and respiration, enabling the detection of humans amidst other moving objects like animals or machinery.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional radar systems use frequency modulated signals for distance measurement, then distance can be determined, but the system cannot accurately differentiate between human targets and other moving objects like animals or machinery
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the detection process into two distinct phases: a first scanning phase for initial target detection and a second scanning phase for detailed micro-Doppler analysis. This segmentation allows the system to first identify potential targets and then apply more sophisticated analysis only to those targets, improving classification accuracy while maintaining efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs dynamic scanning strategies where the radar adjusts its operation between two modes: a broader first scan to detect all moving objects, and a focused second scan with micro-Doppler measurements for classification. This dynamic approach allows the system to adapt its measurement precision based on the specific detection needs of each target
2Reliability
If radar systems perform comprehensive scanning of all areas, then all targets can be detected, but the detection accuracy for specific target types decreases due to lack of focused analysis
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary detection in the first scanning phase to identify all potential targets before conducting detailed micro-Doppler analysis. This preliminary action ensures no target is missed while preparing a focused list for subsequent precise classification measurements
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies micro-Doppler measurements selectively only to detected targets in the second scanning phase, rather than continuously to all areas. This partial action approach maintains detection completeness while concentrating computational resources on classification tasks for identified targets
3Measurement precision
If multiple antennas are used to implement directional beams, then target localization improves, but the system complexity increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the antenna functionality into a simplified configuration that achieves directional beamforming through coordinated operation of multiple antennas, rather than using complex phased array systems. This segmentation reduces device complexity while maintaining position accuracy through the two-phase scanning approach
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively detects and counts humans in real-time, even in challenging conditions, with high accuracy and computational efficiency, distinguishing between human and non-human objects through targeted radar measurements and signal processing techniques.
Implementation Method 1
the distance between the radar and a target (e.g. an object, a person or an animal) is determined by transmitting a frequency modulated signal, receiving a reflection of the frequency modulated signal, and determining a distance based on a time delay and/or frequency difference
Implementation Method 2
receiving a reflection of the frequency modulated signal, and determining a distance based on a time delay and/or frequency difference between the transmission and reception of the frequency modulated signal
Implementation Method 3
performing a second scanning comprising scanning portions of the first area corresponding to the first set of targets using the millimeter-wave radar sensor, and performing micro-Doppler measurements on the portions of the first area
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
Figure 2A
Figure 2B~2C
AI summary
According to an embodiment, a method for presence detection includes performing a first scanning comprising scanning a first area using a millimeter-wave radar sensor to produce a first set of radar data; identifying a first set of targets based on the first set of radar data; performing a second scanning comprising scanning portions of the first area corresponding to the first set of targets using the millimeter-wave radar sensor, and performing micro-Doppler measurements on the portions of the first area; and determining which targets of the first set of targets meet a first set of criteria based on the micro-Doppler measurements.