mmWave V2X Link Scheduling via 5.9 GHz Handshaking
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Solution Overview
Problem
The deployment of millimeter wave (mmWave) communication technologies in mobile vehicle-to-everything (V2X) scenarios is hindered by the need for a beam alignment process, which is time-consuming and inefficient, especially when vehicles are in motion.
Innovation Solution
The system employs a periodic-centralized mmWave scheduler that utilizes 5.9 GHz V2X technology for handshaking and link establishment, allowing vehicles to quickly determine communication intentions and schedules, and then leverages mmWave for data transmission based on previously calculated schedules.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If beam alignment process is performed for mmWave communication establishment, then communication link can be established, but link establishment time becomes too long for fleeting vehicle encounters
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs beam alignment procedures in advance during periods when vehicles are stationary or moving slowly, storing the alignment information for later use. This preliminary action allows the system to skip time-consuming beam alignment during fleeting encounter moments, directly resolving the contradiction between reliable link establishment and rapid deployment.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adapts the beam alignment process based on vehicle motion states. When vehicles are in motion, the system uses pre-computed beam directions and reduces alignment procedures. When vehicles are stationary, full alignment is performed. This dynamic adaptation resolves the contradiction by adjusting the rigor of link establishment according to temporal constraints.
2Reliability
If IEEE 802.11ad beacon process is used for service announcement and network joining, then mmWave communication can be established, but the process becomes tedious and inefficient for moving vehicles
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs service announcement and network joining procedures in advance when vehicles are stationary, completing the tedious 802.11ad beacon process before vehicles move. This preliminary completion of establishment procedures eliminates the need for repeated complex handshaking during fleeting encounters, directly improving ease of operation while maintaining link reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system extracts and separates the time-consuming beacon and handshaking procedures from the fleeting encounter period. By performing these procedures in advance during stationary periods and storing the results, the system removes the operational complexity from the critical mobile communication phase, resolving the contradiction between reliable link establishment and operational simplicity.
3Productivity
If mmWave communication is deployed in mobile V2X scenarios, then high data throughput can be achieved, but beam alignment complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs beam alignment and direction computation in advance when vehicles are stationary or moving slowly, storing the results for rapid retrieval during high-speed encounters. This preliminary computation reduces the real-time complexity during mobile operations while maintaining high throughput capability, directly resolving the contradiction between productivity and device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts the level of beam alignment complexity based on vehicle motion states. During stationary periods, full alignment procedures are executed. During mobile operations, pre-computed beam directions are used with minimal adjustments. This dynamic approach maintains high data throughput while reducing operational complexity in mobile scenarios.
Data Source
AI summary
A vehicle includes a processor configured to transmit a mmWave beacon signal during a probe phase of a first period; receive one or more mmWave beacon signals from one or more vehicles; generate a mmWave communication intention message for another period that is after the first period based on the received one or more mmWave beacon signals; and broadcast, during the first period, a packet including a mmWave transmission schedule for the another period generated based on the mmWave communication intention message.