Mononuclear Cell Collection Platelet Removal System
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current blood processing systems face challenges in efficiently collecting mononuclear cells (MNCs) due to interference from high platelet counts, which can lead to aggregation and reduced collection efficiency, often requiring excessive anticoagulants and longer procedure times.
Innovation Solution
An automated system with a disposable fluid circuit and separation chamber, utilizing centrifugation or spinning membrane technology, separates whole blood into cellular components and platelet-rich plasma, reducing platelet concentration to minimize interference and enable precise MNC collection without excess anticoagulants, using a programmable controller and optical sensors for accurate harvesting.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If whole blood is processed directly for MNC collection, then collection process is simple, but platelet interference causes aggregation and reduced collection efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing platelet removal before MNC collection. The system first processes whole blood to separate and remove platelets, then collects MNCs from the remaining blood. This preliminary platelet removal step prevents platelet aggregation and interference during the subsequent MNC collection process, thereby improving collection efficiency and accuracy.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If anticoagulants are used to prevent platelet aggregation, then platelet interference is reduced, but excessive anticoagulants are required and procedure time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the extraction principle by physically removing platelets from the blood sample through separation techniques (centrifugation or membrane filtration) before MNC collection. This extraction of platelets eliminates the need for excessive anticoagulants to prevent aggregation, as the platelets are removed rather than merely inhibited. The process reduces procedure time by eliminating the need for continuous anticoagulant administration and monitoring.
3Measurement precision
If platelet-rich plasma is present during MNC collection, then blood components are easily separated, but platelets interfere with MNC harvesting accuracy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary platelet removal from whole blood before initiating MNC collection. By pre-separating and removing platelets, the system ensures that platelet-rich plasma is not present during the MNC harvesting process. This preliminary action maintains accurate MNC harvesting by preventing platelet interference with detection and collection mechanisms, while still allowing efficient blood component separation through the optimized multi-step process.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively reduces platelet interference, allowing for faster and more efficient MNC collection with reduced anticoagulant use, improving the accuracy and speed of the harvesting process.
Implementation Method 1
utilizing centrifugation or spinning membrane technology, separates whole blood into cellular components and platelet-rich plasma
Implementation Method 2
as the whole blood is spun by the centrifuge, the heavier (greater specific gravity) components, such as red blood cells, move radially outwardly away from the center of rotation toward the outer or 'high-G' wall of the separation chamber
Implementation Method 3
separating the platelet-rich plasma into platelet concentrate and platelet-poor plasma
Implementation Method 4
Larger molecules, such as red blood cells, may be retained within one side of the membrane, while the smaller molecules, such as plasma, may escape through the pores of the membrane to the other side of the membrane
Data Source
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AI summary
A method of collecting mononuclear cells, comprising separating whole blood into cellular components and platelets suspended in plasma, separating the platelets suspended in plasma into platelet concentrate and platelet-poor plasma, combining the cellular components with the platelet-poor plasma to form a first mixture, and separating the first mixture into mononuclear cells and at least one component.