Modified Elastomeric Polymers Reducing Hysteresis Loss
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for reducing hysteresis loss in vulcanized elastomeric polymers, such as those used in tire production, are limited in effectively addressing the energy loss due to free polymer chain ends and insufficient filler distribution, leading to higher rolling resistance and lower fuel efficiency.
Innovation Solution
The use of silane modifiers and end-modification agents to create modified elastomeric polymer compositions with branched and linear structures, which react with filler particles and polymer backbones, enhancing filler distribution and reducing hysteresis loss during dynamic deformation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If conventional coupling agents are used to functionalize polymer chain ends, then the number of free chain ends is reduced, but the filler distribution remains insufficient and hysteresis loss is not adequately reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs silane-modified coupling agents as intermediary substances that simultaneously interact with both polymer chain ends and filler particles. These coupling agents contain reactive silane groups that bond to filler surfaces while also functionalizing polymer chain ends, thereby mediating the interaction between polymers and fillers to achieve uniform filler distribution and reduce hysteresis loss
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite modification system where silane-modified coupling agents combine multiple functional groups (silane, isocyanate, hydroxyl) within a single molecular structure. This composite approach allows one substance to perform multiple functions: filling, coupling, and chain-end modification, thereby simultaneously improving filler distribution and reducing energy loss
2Use of energy by moving object
If tire formulations are designed to reduce hysteresis loss, then fuel efficiency improves, but the balance of physical properties such as abrasion resistance and tensile strength may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical parameters of the coupling agents by incorporating specific functional groups (isocyanate, hydroxyl, silane) in controlled ratios and configurations. These parameter changes enable the coupling agents to form optimized cross-linking structures that reduce hysteresis while preserving essential mechanical properties through balanced molecular architecture
Solution Approach 2:
The invention applies different functional groups at different locations within the coupling agent molecule: silane groups target filler surfaces, isocyanate groups react with polymer chain ends, and hydroxyl groups provide additional bonding sites. This localized functional distribution ensures that each region of the coupling agent performs its specific function optimally, maintaining overall material performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The modified elastomeric polymer compositions result in vulcanized products with lower Tan δ values at 60°C, reducing rolling resistance, improving fuel efficiency, and maintaining good physical properties like abrasion resistance and tensile strength.
Implementation Method 1
The modified positions of the polymer are also called 'end caps' in chain end modified polymers, and 'central caps' in the branched modified polymers. The 'chain end modified' and 'modified branched' elastomeric polymers are each reactive with unsaturated portions of an elastomeric polymer backbone
Implementation Method 2
The use of silane modifiers and end-modification agents to create modified elastomeric polymer compositions with branched and linear structures, which react with filler particles and polymer backbones, enhancing filler distribution
Implementation Method 3
These modified elastomeric compositions are useful in the preparation of vulcanized, and thus cross-linked, elastomeric compositions having relatively low hysteresis loss
Data Source
AI summary
The invention provides a elastome?c polymer composition comprising the reaction product of at least the following: i) a living anionic elastomeric polymer; ii) a silane modifier compound represented by the Formula I or Formula 2: (RIO)3Si-R4-S-SiR3 3, Formula 1 (R13O)3Si- R9-N(SiR10R11R12 Formula 2 iii) a modifier compound represented by one of the following Formulas 3 to 6: (R1O)x(R2)ySi-R4-S-SiR3 3, Formula 3 (R13O)P(R14)qSi- R9-N(SiR10R11R12)2 Formula 4, Formule 5, Formule 6