Modified Lignin Electrode Material for Acid-Stable Redox Storage

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage devices, particularly those using lignin, face challenges with poor electrochemical performance and chemical stability, especially in acidic conditions due to high ether bond content, leading to instability during cycling.

Innovation Solution

Functionalizing lignin with aromatic moieties such as catechol, hydroquinone, or phenols substituted with an alkoxy group to increase phenolic hydroxyl groups, resulting in a modified lignin with enhanced redox activity and stability, achieved through a process involving a lignin source, reactant combination, and reaction in the presence of a strong acid.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If lignin is used as electrode material, then cost and availability are improved, but electrochemical performance and chemical stability deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveavailabilityVSAvoidelectrochemical performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the chemical structure of lignin through functionalization with aromatic moieties (catechol, hydroquinone, or phenols with alkoxy groups). This increases the phenolic hydroxyl group content to at least 4.0 mmol/g, thereby improving redox activity and electrochemical performance while maintaining the cost-effective lignin base material

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite material by functionalizing lignin with aromatic compounds. The modified lignin combines the advantageous properties of lignin (availability, low cost) with the electrochemically active aromatic moieties, resulting in a composite that achieves both good availability and high electrochemical performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Quantity of substance

If lignin is used as electrode material, then cost and availability are improved, but chemical stability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveavailabilityVSAvoidchemical stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical parameters of lignin by introducing aromatic functional groups that increase phenolic hydroxyl content to ≥4.0 mmol/g. This modification enhances chemical stability, particularly in acidic conditions, while preserving the availability advantage of using lignin as a renewable resource

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If lignin is functionalized to increase phenolic hydroxyl groups, then redox activity is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveredox activityVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent achieves improved redox activity by changing the chemical composition parameter - specifically increasing phenolic hydroxyl groups to at least 4.0 mmol/g through functionalization. While this adds a manufacturing step, the use of standard aromatic reactants and established functionalization protocols keeps the complexity increase manageable

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies local quality by selectively functionalizing specific sites on the lignin structure with aromatic moieties. This targeted approach concentrates the redox-active groups where they are most effective, improving overall redox activity without requiring complete structural transformation of the entire lignin molecule

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The modified lignin exhibits improved electrochemical properties, including high redox activity and stability in acidic conditions, leading to a more efficient and long-lasting electrode material for energy storage devices.

Implementation Method 1

Lignin can store electric energy by exhange of protons/metal ions and electrons

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRedox reactions: Redox Reactions

Implementation Method 2

reacting the mixture at an elevated temperature for a predetermined time in the presence of a strong acid

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical reaction: Chemical Bonding

Data Source

PatentEP4481778A1Chemically modified lignin
Publication Date: 2024.12.25 LIGNA ENERGY AB
  • EP4481778A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4481778A1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2b
  • EP4481778A1 patent drawingFigure 2c~2d

AI summary

The present inventive concept relates to an electrode material for use in an electrochemical storage device, comprising a modified lignin being a lignin functionalized with at least one aromatic moiety selected from the list of catechol, hydroquinone, and phenols substituted with an alkoxy group, wherein a total content of phenolic hydroxyl groups is at least 4.0 mmol/g, as determined by 31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.