Modified Nucleotide Oligomers with Triple Bonds for Protein Affinity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for obtaining substances with affinity for proteins are inefficient, requiring large volumes, high costs, and often result in low quantities and specificity issues, with existing amplification techniques being hindered by substituent groups that impede the process.
Innovation Solution
Development of modified nucleotide oligomers and polymers with substituent groups bound via triple bonds, allowing for the synthesis and amplification of nucleotide sequences with high affinity for target proteins, enabling the production of functional substances in adequate quantities and facilitating structural determination.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If conventional methods are used to obtain substances with affinity for proteins, then the substances can be obtained, but large volumes are required and costs are high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses PCR amplification to create copies of the selected nucleotide sequence, transforming a single selected molecule into adequate quantities for practical use. This copying process resolves the contradiction by enabling large-scale production from a single selected candidate without requiring large initial volumes
Solution Approach 2:
The selected nucleotide sequence serves as a template for its own amplification through PCR, where the sequence itself directs the synthesis of additional copies. This self-service mechanism eliminates the need for external cellular systems or complex manufacturing processes
2Reliability
If affinity antibodies are selected using the immune system of animals, then substances with affinity for proteins can be obtained, but the number of steps increases and costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the biological immune system mechanism with a chemical synthesis and in vitro selection system. Nucleotide sequences are synthesized chemically and selected through controlled binding assays, eliminating the need for animal immunization processes while maintaining selection reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a nucleotide sequence as an intermediary substance that mediates the interaction with target proteins. This intermediary approach allows for controlled selection and amplification processes that are simpler and more reliable than direct antibody selection from animal systems
3Reliability
If substituent groups are introduced into nucleotide sequences to improve affinity, then affinity for target proteins increases, but amplification is impeded
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the nucleotide sequence into functional segments: a core sequence that maintains amplification capability and substituent-containing segments that provide target affinity. This segmentation allows the amplification machinery to recognize and replicate the core sequence while the substituent groups remain as functional modifications
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by placing substituent groups at specific positions within the nucleotide sequence where they can enhance target affinity without interfering with the overall amplification process. The substituent groups are strategically positioned to provide local functional enhancement while maintaining global replicability
Data Source
AI summary
A modified nucleotide n-mer (where n is an integer of 2 or more) is used which comprises a nucleoside unit with a substituent group introduced into the base, wherein the substituent group is bound to the base via a triple bond. Novel nucleotide oligomers, nucleotide polymers, and nucleosides which can be used as raw materials or intermediates in the synthesis of this nucleotide oligomer and nucleotide polymer, as well as novel techniques for structural determination and manufacture of a functional substance having high affinity for a target, are provided.