Modified p145 Peptide for Mucosal Immunity Against Group A Streptococcus
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current peptide-based vaccines against group A Streptococcus have limited immunogenicity and require multiple doses to induce protection, and existing vaccines fail to effectively target mucosal immune responses, particularly against hypervirulent strains.
Innovation Solution
A modified p145 peptide with specific amino acid substitutions at residues 13 and 17, such as the p*17 peptide, enhances immunogenicity and elicits a mucosal immune response characterized by IgG production, reducing the need for multiple doses and providing protection against group A Streptococcus infections, including hypervirulent strains.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If peptide-based vaccines are used against group A Streptococcus, then the vaccines can be synthesized easily and inexpensively, but the immunogenicity is limited and multiple doses are required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the amino acid sequence of the p145 peptide through specific substitutions at residues 13 and 17. These sequence parameter changes substantially increase immunogenicity, enabling protection against group A Streptococcus with a single dose while maintaining the synthetic peptide format that allows easy and inexpensive manufacture.
2Reliability
If multiple doses of existing peptide vaccines are administered, then protection against group A Streptococcus can be induced, but the number of doses required increases treatment complexity and time
Solution Approach 1:
The modified p145 peptide with amino acid substitutions at residues 13 and 17 achieves substantially increased immunogenicity, providing protection against group A Streptococcus with a single dose. This eliminates the need for multiple vaccinations, reducing vaccination time and treatment complexity while maintaining reliable protective effect.
3Measurement precision
If existing peptide vaccines are designed, then they can target specific epitopes, but they fail to effectively elicit mucosal immune responses
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes to the p145 peptide sequence (substitutions at residues 13 and 17) that not only maintain epitope targeting precision but also substantially increase the ability to elicit mucosal immune responses. The modified peptide induces robust mucosal immunity with IgG production upon single dose administration.
Data Source
AI summary
A modified p145 peptide having enhanced mucosal immunogenicity for use in eliciting a mucosal immune response to group A streptococcal bacteria in a mammal such as a human. Intramuscular administration of the modified p145 peptide may be particularly efficacious. An S2 peptide or variant may be co-administered with the modified p145 peptide to enhance the immune response.