Modified Siloxane Supercritical CO2 Thickener via One-Step Hydrosilylation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current supercritical carbon dioxide thickeners, particularly fluorine-containing compounds, face issues with environmental pollution, high cost, and unsatisfactory thickening effects, while siloxane-based thickeners have complex preparation methods and low yields.
Innovation Solution
A modified siloxane-based supercritical carbon dioxide thickener is prepared through a one-step hydrosilylation process using 1,3-diallyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trione and 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, resulting in a network-structure polymer with improved solubility and thickening properties without the need for cosolvents.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If fluorine-containing compounds are used as supercritical carbon dioxide thickeners, then thickening effect is improved, but environmental pollution and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by replacing fluorine-containing compounds with siloxane-based polymers having specific molecular weight ranges (10,000-50,000) and structural characteristics. This parameter change maintains thickening effectiveness while eliminating the environmental harm associated with fluorine compounds.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent adopts siloxane-based thickeners that are cost-effective and environmentally benign alternatives to expensive fluorine-containing compounds. The siloxane polymers can be used at lower costs without compromising performance, effectively replacing the harmful fluorine-based solutions.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If siloxane-based thickeners are used, then environmental impact is reduced, but preparation complexity increases and yield decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple preparation steps into a simplified one-step synthesis process. By combining the polymerization and functionalization steps into a single reaction system using siloxane monomers with vinyl groups, the method eliminates intermediate purification steps and reduces overall preparation complexity while maintaining high yield.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the polymer structure at the molecular level by incorporating specific functional groups (vinyl groups) into the siloxane backbone during monomer synthesis. This molecular segmentation allows for controlled polymerization and simplifies the macroscopic preparation process by enabling direct one-step synthesis without complex multi-stage processing.
3Manufacturing precision
If complex multi-step synthesis is used for siloxane polymers, then structural precision is improved, but productivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-installing vinyl functional groups on the siloxane monomers before polymerization. This preliminary functionalization allows the polymerization reaction to proceed in a single step while maintaining precise structural control, eliminating the need for subsequent modification steps and thereby increasing overall productivity and yield.
4Stability of the object's composition
If fluorine-containing thickeners are used, then solubility in supercritical CO2 is improved, but cost and availability worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the compositional parameters by using siloxane polymers with specifically controlled molecular weights (10,000-50,000) and structural features that provide adequate solubility in supercritical CO2. This parameter optimization achieves the required solubility without relying on expensive fluorine-containing compounds, thereby improving cost-effectiveness and availability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The modified siloxane polymer exhibits enhanced solubility and thickening performance, with a viscosity increase of up to 285 times, improved temperature and pressure resistance, and reduced environmental impact, making it suitable for industrial applications in oil exploitation.
Implementation Method 1
a three-dimensional network structure is formed mainly through interactions between cosolvent and two components (interaction between cosolvent and siloxane, and hydrogen bonding between cosolvent and CO2 as Lewis acid-base pair) to thicken CO2
Implementation Method 2
hydrogen bonding between cosolvent and CO2 as Lewis acid-base pair
Implementation Method 3
adding chloroplatinic acid as a catalyst and keeping the catalyst activated for 1-3 h, wherein a catalyst activation temperature is 60-100° C.; then dropwise adding 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane for hydrosilylation at 70-110° C.
Implementation Method 4
dropwise adding 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane for hydrosilylation at 70-110° C. to obtain a modified siloxane polymer
Data Source
AI summary
A preparation method for and an application of a modified siloxane-based supercritical carbon dioxide thickener are disclosed. The method includes the following steps: using 1,3-diallyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trione as a polymerization monomer, and dropwise adding 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane for hydrosilylation in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a modified siloxane polymer. The obtained modified siloxane polymer is directly used as a supercritical carbon dioxide thickener without purification post-treatment; when in use, the modified siloxane polymer is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 1-2%, has an excellent thickening effect with no cosolvent required, and has high solubility in carbon dioxide and high temperature resistance.