MoDTC Solubility in High Viscosity Oils via C13 DTDA
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Solution Overview
Problem
Molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate (MoDTC) compositions exhibit poor oil solubility in high viscosity index oils and at lower temperatures, leading to haze, cloudiness, or precipitation, which reduces lubricant effectiveness.
Innovation Solution
Producing MoDTC compositions using di-isotridecylamine (DTDA) derived from butylene feedstocks with a major amount (>50%) of 2-butylene and minor amounts of 1-butylene and/or isobutylene, resulting in greater than 98% C13 as constituent R groups, enhancing oil solubility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If MoDTC compositions are produced using conventional DTDA (with no more than 73% C13), then the antifriction, antiwear and antioxidant properties are achieved, but the oil solubility deteriorates in high viscosity index oils and at lower temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the carbon number distribution parameter of the DTDA amine, specifically requiring greater than 98% C13 content, which fundamentally alters the solubility characteristics of the resulting MoDTC composition while maintaining the protective film-forming properties
Solution Approach 2:
The invention focuses on the specific local quality of the alkyl chain structure (C13 isotridecyl groups) to achieve both solubility and performance, where the uniform C13 structure provides optimal balance between solubility in high viscosity oils and low temperature fluidity
2Stability of the object's composition
If MoDTC compositions are produced using DTDA with higher C13 content (>98%), then the oil solubility in high viscosity index oils and at lower temperatures is improved, but the manufacturing complexity increases due to specific feedstock requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The invention performs preliminary action by specifying the feedstock composition (butylene-rich with >50% 2-butylene) before the oligomerization process, ensuring that the DTDA produced will have the required >98% C13 content, thereby simplifying downstream processing and quality control
Solution Approach 2:
The invention segments the amine production process by focusing on a specific oligomerization pathway (butylene trimerization to dodecene, then hydroformylation to C13 alcohols/aldehydes, then amination to DTDA), which systematically produces the desired C13-rich structure
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The MoDTC compositions demonstrate improved solubility in high viscosity index oils and at lower temperatures, maintaining clarity and preventing precipitation, thus enhancing lubricant performance.
Implementation Method 1
the butylene and propylene rich light olefin feedstocks are oligomerized to isomeric dodecene mixtures that are generally referred to as butylene trimers and propylene tetramers respectively
Implementation Method 2
The resulting higher olefin compositions are then converted to C 13 or C 13 -rich alcohols and/or aldehydes via hydroformylation reaction in which olefins react with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in presence of either cobalt or rhodium catalysts
Implementation Method 3
The final step in the scheme is the conversion of the alcohol and/or aldehyde compositions to DTDA by a process known as reductive amination
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
A novel molybdenum dithiocarbamate composition is produced by preparing a ditridecylamine (DTD A) intermediate from a butylene feedstock comprising greater than 50% 2-butylene, and preparing a molybdenum dithiocarbamate composition from the DTDA intermediate. The resulting molybdenum dithiocarbamate composition are according to formula (1), wherein R1 to R4 are C11-C14 isoalkyl groups, and X represents oxygen and/or sulfur atoms, and R1 to R4 comprise, on average, greater than 98% C13: