Modular ALD Reactor for Uniform Film Thickness

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current batch Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) reactors face limitations in increasing deposition throughput and efficient processing of substrates, particularly in pre-heating and post-cooling processes, which affect the uniformity and thickness of deposited thin films.

Innovation Solution

A method and apparatus for processing a batch of substrates using a modular ALD system with a pre-processing module for pre-heating, a reaction chamber module for ALD processing, and a post-processing module for cooling, where substrates are transported in a continuous line with integrated loading and unloading mechanisms, allowing for simultaneous processing of substrate subsets with dedicated gas flow, enhancing heat transport through raised pressure using inactive gases.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If batch ALD processing is used to increase deposition throughput, then productivity is improved, but manufacturing precision deteriorates due to non-uniform heating and cooling across substrates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeposition throughputVSAvoidfilm thickness uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The batch of substrates is divided into multiple substrate subsets, with each subset processed independently in separate reaction zones within the reaction chamber. This segmentation allows for localized control of deposition parameters while maintaining batch processing capability, thereby improving film thickness uniformity without sacrificing productivity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the reaction chamber are provided with independent gas flow paths and heating/cooling control, allowing each substrate subset to receive optimized local conditions. This ensures uniform pre-heating and cooling across all substrates while maintaining high throughput batch processing

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Productivity

If substrates are pre-heated and post-cooled in the same chamber to save time, then productivity is improved, but manufacturing precision deteriorates due to contamination and non-uniform temperature control

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocessing efficiencyVSAvoidtemperature uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system is divided into functionally separate modules: a pre-processing module for pre-heating, a reaction chamber module for ALD deposition, and a post-processing module for cooling. This segmentation allows each module to be optimized for its specific function, ensuring uniform temperature control while maintaining efficient batch processing throughput

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Inactive gas serves as an intermediary medium to transport heat uniformly across substrate subsets during pre-heating and cooling phases. The gas flow paths are specifically designed to ensure even heat distribution, maintaining temperature uniformity while enabling efficient thermal processing

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach improves deposition throughput by ensuring uniform pre-heating and cooling, resulting in dense, pinhole-free, and uniformly thick thin films with reduced non-uniformity, such as aluminum oxide or Zn1-xMg xO/ZnO1-xSx buffer layers on solar cell structures.

Implementation Method 1

a pre-processing module for pre-heating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal energy transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

a post-processing module for cooling

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal energy transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 3

enhancing heat transport through raised pressure using inactive gases

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transport through gas: Convection

Implementation Method 4

The basic growth mechanism of ALD relies on the bond strength differences between chemical adsorption (chemisorption) and physical adsorption (physisorption). ALD utilizes chemisorption and eliminates physisorption during the deposition process.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemisorption: Chemisorption

Data Source

PatentEP2783023B1Method of atomic layer deposition for processing a batch of substrates
Publication Date: 2020.11.04 PICOSUN OY
  • EP2783023B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1C
  • EP2783023B1 patent drawingFigure 1D~1F
  • EP2783023B1 patent drawingFigure 1G~1J

AI summary

The invention relates to a method that includes providing a reaction chamber module of an atomic layer deposition reactor for processing a batch of substrates by an atomic layer deposition process, and loading the batch of substrates before processing into the reaction chamber module via a different route than the batch of substrates is unloaded after processing. The invention also relates to a corresponding apparatus.