Modular Series Battery Pack With Internal Cell Balancing and Overheat Cut-Off
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing lithium battery management systems lack internal modular architectures that integrate operational safety functionalities, leading to issues such as overheating detection, inefficient voltage balancing, and reliance on external sensors and cloud servers, which can result in battery dysfunction and reduced performance.
Innovation Solution
A series modular block (BIMoSe) with integrated lithium accumulator cells, a processing circuit for voltage measurement, and a management system that includes heating resistors, temperature probes, and a cut-off mechanism, allowing for internal monitoring and control of cell voltages, temperatures, and current balancing without external wiring, enabling the battery to remain functional during overheating incidents.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of information
If a remote BCU decision-making and storage unit is used with external modular architecture, then data communication capability is improved, but device complexity and wiring requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the decision-making unit, storage unit, and communication interface into an integrated BMS module that is internally connected to battery cells. This merging eliminates the need for external wiring to a remote BCU while maintaining full data communication capabilities for monitoring cell voltage, temperature, and managing battery safety.
Solution Approach 2:
The BMS module acts as an intermediary between the battery cells and external systems. It internally processes data from temperature sensors and voltage measurements, then communicates only essential information externally, reducing wiring complexity while preserving communication functionality.
2Measurement precision
If individual balancing circuits are provided for each cell or group of cells, then voltage balancing precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The BMS module provides a universal balancing circuit that can balance any cell or group of cells as needed. Rather than dedicating separate balancing circuits to each cell, the single multi-functional circuit dynamically allocates balancing current to where it is most needed, achieving precise voltage balancing across all cells while minimizing circuit complexity.
3Speed
If the cut-off mechanism is in the operational position when powered and in the bypass position when not powered, then safety response time is improved, but reliability deteriorates due to unintended diversion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent inverts the traditional cut-off mechanism logic. Instead of being normally closed (operational when powered), the mechanism is normally open (bypass position when powered) and closes only when a safety event is detected. This inversion ensures that the battery operates normally during regular use while providing rapid safety response when needed, eliminating unintended diversion caused by power loss.
4Measurement precision
If external sensors and cloud servers are used for battery monitoring, then monitoring capability is improved, but device complexity and external dependencies increase
Solution Approach 1:
The BMS module is designed to autonomously monitor battery cells, process sensor data, and execute safety decisions without requiring external cloud servers or complex external systems. The module independently measures cell voltage and temperature, balances cell voltages, detects safety events, and activates protective measures, making the battery system self-sufficient while maintaining comprehensive monitoring capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The BIMoSe system effectively manages lithium battery safety by maintaining functionality during overheating events, preventing voltage changes, and allowing for continued operation while alerting users, thus enhancing battery longevity and reducing maintenance needs.
Implementation Method 1
The central part (62), arranged vertically, comprises the heating resistors of the modular block
Implementation Method 2
The central part (62), arranged vertically, comprises the heating resistors of the modular block and these resistors being connected on command of the management circuit to one or more accumulator cells of the modular block for their power supply
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3a~3b
Figure 3c~3d
AI summary
The subject matter of the present invention is a modular series-connected battery pack (BlMoSe) consisting of lithium battery cells having the same characteristics, connected in series by connections in a given direction (S) corresponding to the direction of the currents in order to obtain the necessary voltage.