Modular Battery Pack Venting for Heat Propagation Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Secondary battery packs face challenges in managing high-temperature gases generated within battery modules, leading to heat propagation and potential thermal damage to adjacent modules.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design featuring a pack housing with multiple areas, each equipped with exhaust devices that open or close based on gas pressure, a cover with module covers, and a heat insulating member to control gas discharge and prevent heat propagation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If exhaust devices are opened to discharge high-temperature gas from a battery module, then thermal damage to other battery modules is prevented, but heat propagation to other battery modules may occur
Solution Approach 1:
The battery pack is divided into multiple independent battery modules, each with its own exhaust device and vent hole. This segmentation allows each module to independently manage its thermal conditions, preventing heat propagation between modules while maintaining overall system reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
A cover structure with selective exhaust devices acts as an intermediary between the battery modules and the external environment. The cover controls gas discharge through pressure-responsive exhaust devices, allowing harmful high-temperature gas to be vented while preventing uncontrolled heat propagation to adjacent modules.
2Stress or pressure
If exhaust devices are opened to discharge gas, then pressure buildup is relieved, but thermal damage to other battery modules may occur
Solution Approach 1:
Each battery module has its own dedicated exhaust device and vent hole, creating independent pressure relief pathways. This segmentation ensures that pressure relief in one module does not compromise the thermal integrity of adjacent modules, preventing thermal damage while effectively relieving gas pressure.
Solution Approach 2:
The exhaust devices are specifically positioned and configured for each battery module based on its local thermal and pressure conditions. This localized approach allows each module to discharge its own high-temperature gas through dedicated pathways, preventing thermal damage to other modules while effectively managing local pressure.
3Reliability
If multiple exhaust devices are provided for each battery module, then thermal stability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The cover structure serves multiple functions: it houses the exhaust devices, provides thermal insulation, and creates sealed compartments for each battery module. This multi-functionality reduces overall device complexity while maintaining improved thermal stability through the exhaust device configuration.
Solution Approach 2:
The exhaust devices are integrated into the cover structure, merging the exhaust function with the protective and insulating cover. This integration reduces the number of separate components needed, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining the thermal stability benefits of having multiple exhaust devices per module.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides improved thermal stability by suppressing heat propagation and preventing thermal damage to other battery modules due to high-temperature gases, enhancing the safety and performance of the battery pack.
Implementation Method 1
each of the plurality of exhaust devices may be opened or closed by the pressure of a gas generated at a corresponding battery module among the plurality of battery modules
Implementation Method 2
a heat insulating member disposed between each of the plurality of battery modules and each of the plurality of module covers may be further included
Data Source
AI summary
The battery pack of the present disclosure comprises a pack housing forming a plurality of areas; a plurality of battery modules each disposed in the plurality of areas; and a cover which is disposed above the plurality of battery modules and on which a plurality of exhaust devices corresponding to each of the plurality of battery modules are formed, wherein each of the plurality of exhaust devices is be opened or closed by the pressure of a gas generated at a corresponding battery module among the plurality of battery modules.