Modular CMOS Power Amplifier With Parallel Gain Control

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

CMOS transistors in radio transmitters face limitations such as lower trans-conductance, breakdown voltage, and passive component performance, leading to higher current consumption, limited power supply, and challenges in power tuning and isolation, which affect signal amplification and frequency conversion.

Innovation Solution

A modular amplifier structure with gain-controlled amplifier sub-units using CMOS transistors, where local oscillator signals control the activation and disabling of amplifier sub-units to adjust amplification, and a combining circuit with capacitors and a coil provides enhanced voltage gain without excessive passive component usage.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If CMOS transistors are used in amplifiers, then integration level and manufacturing cost are improved, but trans-conductance and breakdown voltage decrease leading to higher current consumption and limited power supply

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveintegration levelVSAvoidcurrent consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The amplifier is divided into multiple parallel amplifier sub-units, each with its own CMOS transistor. By selectively activating subsets of these sub-units, the amplifier achieves variable gain while maintaining efficient current utilization. Each sub-unit operates at optimal current levels, avoiding the need for a single high-current transistor.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The amplifier dynamically switches between different subsets of amplifier sub-units based on the required signal level. This dynamic reconfiguration allows the system to adapt current consumption to the actual signal requirements, consuming more current only when high signal levels are needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Ease of manufacture

If CMOS transistors are used in amplifiers, then manufacturing advantages are improved, but breakdown voltage decreases leading to limited power supply and output swing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing advantagesVSAvoidpower supply and output swing
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The voltage swing requirement is segmented across multiple amplifier sub-units. Each sub-unit operates within a limited voltage range determined by the CMOS breakdown voltage, but the parallel combination of multiple sub-units delivers the required total power and voltage swing capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Multiple amplifier sub-units with limited individual power capability are merged in parallel to achieve the required total power output. The combining circuit merges the outputs of multiple sub-units, each operating within safe voltage limits, to produce the necessary overall power and voltage swing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Device complexity

If isolation is reduced in CMOS amplifiers, then manufacturing simplicity is improved, but power tuning range and accuracy deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing simplicityVSAvoidpower tuning accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The power tuning function is segmented across multiple independently controllable amplifier sub-units. Each sub-unit can be individually activated or deactivated, providing fine-grained control over the total power output. This segmented approach enables accurate power tuning without requiring complex isolation networks.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution achieves efficient amplification and frequency conversion with improved power handling, reduced power consumption, and minimal signal leakage, addressing the limitations of CMOS transistors while maintaining low output impedance and isolation.

Implementation Method 1

a combining circuit with capacitors and a coil provides enhanced voltage gain

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectResonance: Resonance

Data Source

PatentEP2195924B1Signal amplifier structure for radio transmitter
Publication Date: 2019.06.05 NOKIA CORP
  • EP2195924B1 patent drawingFigure 1~5
  • EP2195924B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4B

AI summary

There is provided a modular amplifier structure comprising a plurality of parallel amplifier sub-units (208). Each amplifier sub-unit is configured to amplify a received payload signal under control of at least one received control signal. Outputs of the amplifier sub-units are applied to a combining circuit (218). The combining circuit is configured to combine the outputs of the plurality of amplifier sub-units to provide an amplified payload signal.