Modular Defibrillation Lead Electrode for Body-Conforming Shocks
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillators (S-ICDs) face issues with large generator size due to high energy requirements for defibrillation, leading to patient discomfort and body dysmorphic feelings, and subcutaneous leads that do not conform to the body shape, causing discomfort during normal motion.
Innovation Solution
A modular electrode design with discrete brick segments connected by support cables, forming an oblong shape to reduce impedance and conform to the body, coupled with a smaller pulse generator for efficient defibrillation therapy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a subcutaneous lead with a rigid shocking coil is used, then defibrillation therapy can be delivered, but the lead does not conform to the body shape, causing discomfort during normal motion
Solution Approach 1:
The electrode is divided into multiple discrete brick segments that can be independently positioned and connected. This segmentation allows the electrode to conform to the curved surface of the patient's body while maintaining the necessary shocking capability for defibrillation therapy.
Solution Approach 2:
The lead incorporates flexible joints between brick segments that allow dynamic adjustment and movement. This enables the lead to adapt to body motion and maintain conformance to the body shape during normal activity, eliminating the rigidity problem of traditional single-piece designs.
2Ease of operation
If multiple discrete brick segments are used to form the electrode, then the lead can conform to the body shape, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple brick segments are merged into a unified electrode structure through electrical connections and mechanical coupling. This combining approach maintains the conformance benefits of discrete segments while presenting a simplified, integrated device for implantation and operation.
Solution Approach 2:
Each brick segment is designed as a universal, interchangeable component that can be used in various positions and configurations. This standardization reduces overall device complexity by allowing the same basic unit to serve multiple functions throughout the electrode assembly.
3Ease of manufacture
If a traditional subcutaneous lead design is used, then implantation is straightforward, but the lead produces visible protrusions along the skin, causing body dysmorphic feelings
Solution Approach 1:
The brick segments are arranged in a distributed pattern across the implantation site rather than concentrating the lead in a single location. This spatial distribution across two dimensions reduces the height and visibility of individual protrusions, making the implant less noticeable while maintaining implantation simplicity.
4Weight of stationary object
If the generator is made smaller to reduce patient discomfort, then the device is more comfortable, but the energy storage capacity may be insufficient for defibrillation shocks
Solution Approach 1:
The energy delivery function is segmented between the compact generator and the distributed brick segment electrodes. This allows the generator to be smaller while the electrodes, positioned close to the heart, provide the necessary energy storage and delivery capability for effective defibrillation shocks.
Data Source
AI summary
A lead for an implantable medical device (IMD) includes an electrode having a plurality of brick segments that are discrete and mechanically connected to one another in a line. The brick segments are electrically conductive and electrically connected to one another. The brick segments are configured to be powered by a pulse generator of the IMD to deliver high-voltage shocks for defibrillation therapy.