Modular Filter Element for Swimming Pool Filtration

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing mechanical filter apparatus for swimming pools face issues such as high pressure requirements, frequent maintenance, limited particulate size filtration, and high energy consumption due to clogging and the need for frequent chemical addition, with sand filter media degrading over time.

Innovation Solution

A mechanical filter element with a plurality of filter cells, each having a cross-sectional area less than or equal to 3mm² and an internal volume less than 30mm³, forming a static filter pack that reduces liquid flow energy and allows for the filtration of smaller particulates, using a cylindrical wall with an internal frame to sub-divide the filter area, promoting particulate settlement and trapping, and allowing for lower operating pressure and reduced maintenance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If high pressure is applied to force water through the static filter bed, then filtration is achieved, but energy consumption increases and the filter bed may be broken up during backwashing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy consumptionVSAvoidfilter bed integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the operating pressure parameter from high to low pressure operation. The filter elements are designed to function effectively at low differential pressures (typically less than 10 psi), eliminating the need for high-pressure pumps and reducing energy consumption while maintaining filter bed integrity during backwashing operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the traditional mechanical sand filter bed system with a modular filter element system that uses pressure-sensitive membrane structures. These elements can be compressed to a low profile during backwashing without breaking up, substituting the mechanical integrity requirements of sand beds with a more resilient membrane-based structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Duration of action of stationary object

If sand filter media is used, then filtration is provided, but the sand degrades over time requiring periodic replacement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefilter media lifespanVSAvoidmaintenance complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses composite filter elements combining multiple materials with complementary properties: a support structure (plastic or metal mesh), a filtering matrix (non-woven fabric or porous material), and a pressure-sensitive membrane. This composite construction provides durability, resistance to degradation, and structural integrity, extending the service life of the filter media while simplifying maintenance through modular replaceable elements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements a modular filter element design where individual elements can be easily removed, cleaned, or replaced without affecting the entire filter system. This allows for selective replacement of degraded elements rather than complete system replacement, reducing maintenance complexity and extending overall system lifespan.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #34Discarding and recovering

3Measurement precision

If a static filter bed is used, then mechanical filtration is achieved, but the filtration is limited to particulates greater than 7-10 micron

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparticulate size filtrationVSAvoidfilter element structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs porous filter materials with controlled pore size distributions that can capture particulates down to 1 micron or smaller. The porous structure allows selective passage of particles based on size while maintaining adequate flow rates, achieving fine filtration without requiring excessively complex multi-stage filtration systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent divides the filter media into multiple functional layers or zones within each filter element, with different pore sizes and filtration characteristics. This segmentation allows a single element to perform multiple filtration functions, capturing different particle sizes simultaneously and achieving high measurement precision without increasing overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Productivity

If the pump capacity is increased to compensate for performance drop-off before backwashing, then flow rate is maintained, but energy costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflow rateVSAvoidenergy cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent designs filter elements that maintain consistent flow characteristics throughout their service life, preventing the performance drop-off that occurs in traditional filters before backwashing. The modular design with multiple elements in parallel ensures that as some elements load up, others remain active, maintaining continuous productive action without requiring oversized pumps to compensate for declining performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a higher retention capacity, reduced energy consumption, and longer filter life with easier cleaning, capable of filtering particulates down to 1 micron size, and reduces bacterial growth, while maintaining consistent filtration flow and minimizing clogging.

Implementation Method 1

The mechanical filter element is operative to promote settling of the particulates

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSedimentation: Sedimentation

Implementation Method 2

contaminants in the liquid, such as particulates, are physically trapped between the filter media

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhysical trapping: Filter (physical)

Data Source

PatentEP3294432B1Mechanical filter element, apparatus and method
Publication Date: 2023.07.12 EVOLUTION AQUA LTD
  • EP3294432B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3294432B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3294432B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present disclosure a mechanical filter element (2) for forming a static filter pack (11) to perform mechanical filtration of a liquid. The mechanical filter element (1) has one or more filter cell (19). The present disclosure also relates to a mechanical filter apparatus (1) having a filter chamber (10) containing a plurality of mechanical filter elements (2) for forming the static filter pack (11) to perform mechanical filtration of a liquid. The mechanical filter apparatus (1) is configured to generate a flow of the liquid through the mechanical filter elements (2) during filtration to form the static filter pack (11). Furthermore, the present disclosure relates to a method of mechanically filtering a liquid. A plurality of mechanical filter elements (2) each comprising one or more filter cell (19) are disposed in a filter chamber (10). During filtration, the liquid flows through the filter chamber (10) to establish a static filter pack (11) of said mechanical filter elements (2) to mechanically filter the liquid.