Modular Hip Arthroplasty Instrument with Rotatable Guide Ring
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Solution Overview
Problem
Minimally invasive hip surgery requires surgical instruments that are geometrically and spatially optimized to navigate tight anatomical clearances and small incision sizes, as traditional instruments are often complex and not optimized for these constraints.
Innovation Solution
A modular instrument for hip arthroplasty comprising a main body with a rotatable handle, an impaction body with a threaded stud, and a guide ring, allowing for precise alignment and fine-tuning of the acetabular shell without loosening it from the stud, along with a removable trocar and impacting instrument for proper impaction axis alignment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If traditional surgical instruments are used in minimally invasive hip surgery, then the instruments are simpler in design, but they cannot navigate tight anatomical clearances and small incision sizes effectively
Solution Approach 1:
The instrument is divided into separable modules including a main body, an impaction body, and a guide ring, each capable of independent movement and adjustment. This segmentation allows the instrument to adapt to tight anatomical spaces while maintaining operational simplicity through modular assembly and disassembly.
Solution Approach 2:
The instrument incorporates dynamic elements such as a rotatable handle and adjustable guide ring that can change configuration during surgery. The guide ring can rotate independently to align with the impaction axis, and the handle can be rotated to indicate proper positioning, enabling the instrument to adapt to various anatomical orientations within limited space.
2Reliability
If the acetabular shell is fully threaded onto the stud, then the shell is securely fixed, but the ability to fine-tune screw hole alignment is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The guide ring is designed to rotate independently of the impaction body before the shell is fully impacted, allowing the surgeon to pre-align the screw holes with the acetabulum. This preliminary alignment action can be performed while the shell is still adjustable on the stud, and the alignment is maintained once the shell is impacted, eliminating the need to loosen the shell for fine-tuning.
3Manufacturing precision
If the instrument is designed with precise alignment features, then the implantation accuracy is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The handle incorporates visual indicators such as colored markings or luminescent features that change or become visible when the main body is in the proper position. This provides simple, intuitive feedback to the surgeon about alignment status without requiring complex electronic sensors or additional alignment components, maintaining precision while minimizing device complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
An instrument for hip arthroplasty having an impaction body attached to an end of a main body. The impaction body is positionable inside a patient's hip and has an axis coaxial with an impaction axis. A leading end of the impaction body is configured to selectively engage an acetabular shell for use during impaction of the shell into an acetabulum. An arm extends from the main body and has a guide ring at an end thereof. The guide ring has an axis coaxial with the impaction axis. A trocar is inserted through the guide ring and along the impaction axis to make a path through underlying soft tissue for insertion of an impacting instrument. A rotatable handle on the main body indicates whether the main body is in a proper position in either a right or left hip.