Modular Inverter Charging Control for Faster EV Battery Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing eco-friendly vehicle charging systems face challenges in improving charging speed, preventing battery temperature rise, and allowing charging using a general charger.
Innovation Solution
The vehicle incorporates a plurality of single-phase battery module systems, each with a battery and a power conversion module including an inverter for converting DC to AC voltage and controlling the motor. A control module with processors and storage medium controls the charging current through pulse width modulation (PWM) for each battery module system, allowing equal or differential charging and reducing the duty ratio when battery temperatures exceed a threshold.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If charging current is increased to improve charging speed, then charging speed is improved, but battery temperature rises excessively
Solution Approach 1:
The battery pack is divided into multiple battery modules, each with its own inverter and control system. This segmentation allows independent control of charging current for each module, enabling the system to distribute charging load and manage temperature more effectively while maintaining high charging speed.
Solution Approach 2:
The control module dynamically adjusts the duty ratio of PWM control based on real-time battery temperature feedback. When temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold, the duty ratio is reduced to lower charging current and prevent overheating, while allowing high current when temperatures are acceptable.
2Speed
If separate battery pack and inverter are used for rapid charging, then rapid charging capability is achieved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The inverter is integrated within each battery module rather than being a separate system-level component. This merging of functions allows the same inverter circuitry to serve both motor control and battery charging purposes, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining rapid charging capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The inverter performs multiple functions: it converts DC to AC for motor drive during vehicle operation, and it manages DC charging during battery charging. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate dedicated charging equipment, simplifying the overall system architecture.
3Measurement precision
If PWM control with different duty ratios is applied to different battery modules, then temperature control precision is improved, but control complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The control module continuously monitors battery temperature in each module and uses this feedback to dynamically adjust PWM duty ratios. This closed-loop control enables precise temperature management while the control module handles the complexity of coordinating multiple modules with different duty ratios.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enhances charging speed, prevents battery temperature rise, and enables charging using a general charger, improving the overall efficiency and reliability of the vehicle's charging system.
Implementation Method 1
an inverter configured to convert a DC voltage stored in the battery into an AC voltage
Implementation Method 2
The one or more processors may control the charging current for each of the plurality of single-phase battery module systems by performing pulse width modulation (PWM) control on an inverter included in the single-phase battery module system
Data Source
AI summary
A vehicle includes a plurality of single-phase battery module systems including a plurality of battery modules, and provided in each phase of a motor, wherein each of the plurality of battery modules includes a battery and a power conversion module, and the power conversion module includes an inverter configured to convert a DC voltage stored in the battery into an AC voltage and to control the motor; and a control module, wherein the control module includes one or more processors; and a storage medium configured to store computer-readable instructions, and wherein, when a computer-readable instruction is executed by one or more processors, the one or more processors is configured such that a charging current provided from the charger is controlled by each of the plurality of single-phase battery module systems.