Modular Multichannel Microelectrode Array for Neural Mapping
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current neural interface devices are limited by their single-channel design, making them tedious, time-consuming, and difficult to use for precise targeting of neural structures, and they lack the ability to establish selective and tunable interfaces over large spatial distances, record/stimulate multiple sites simultaneously, and support high-density electrode arrays with customizable designs.
Innovation Solution
A modular multichannel microelectrode array with a planar microelectrode array attached to a carrier, utilizing semiconductor microfabrication techniques to create a high-density, customizable device capable of simultaneous recording and stimulation across multiple sites, with features that can be tuned for specific neural structures and applications, and incorporating biocompatible materials for extended functionality.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If single-channel movable wire microelectrodes are used for neural mapping, then the device can penetrate target structures, but the mapping procedure becomes tedious, time-consuming, and difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the single-channel microelectrode into multiple independent recording channels integrated on a single device. The multi-channel microelectrode array allows simultaneous recording from multiple neural sites, transforming the sequential single-channel mapping process into a parallel multi-channel process, thereby dramatically improving mapping speed and productivity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple recording channels, stimulation channels, and reference electrodes into a single integrated microelectrode device. This merging of functions that previously required separate devices or sequential operations enables simultaneous multi-site recording and stimulation, reducing procedure time and complexity
2Adaptability or versatility
If conventional single-channel electrodes are used, then the device structure is simple, but they lack the ability to record/stimulate multiple sites simultaneously
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a universal microelectrode device that can perform multiple functions: simultaneous recording from multiple channels, electrical stimulation at multiple sites, and reference potential measurement. This multi-functional device replaces the need for multiple separate single-channel electrodes, enhancing adaptability while managing complexity through integration
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from the one-dimensional single-channel wire electrode to a two-dimensional array of electrode contacts arranged in a planar configuration. This dimensional change allows multiple recording and stimulation sites to be positioned at different spatial locations, enabling simultaneous multi-site interfacing with neural tissue
3Manufacturing precision
If wafer-level microfabrication methods are used to create multichannel electrode arrays, then reproducible batch-processed devices with precise features are achieved, but the device length is limited to less than 1 cm
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a modular design where the microfabricated electrode array is nested within a flexible cable assembly. The precise microfabricated array (less than 1 cm) is contained within a longer flexible delivery catheter system, allowing the high-precision electrode portion to be transported and positioned deep within the brain while the overall device length extends to several centimeters for surgical access
4Measurement precision
If single-channel movable wire microelectrodes are used for deep brain mapping, then the electrode can reach target structures, but the procedure is limited in utilization and effectiveness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables continuous simultaneous recording from multiple neural sites along the electrode trajectory and at target structures. This continuous multi-site monitoring eliminates the need to stop and reposition the electrode between measurement points, maintaining continuous useful action throughout the mapping procedure and dramatically reducing total procedure time while preserving mapping precision
Data Source
AI summary
Some embodiments of the invention comprise a customizable multichannel microelectrode array with a modular planar microfabricated electrode array attached to a carrier and a high density of recording and/or stimulation electrode sites disposed thereon. Novel methods of making and using same are also disclosed.