Modular Power Converter Reconfiguration for Variable Voltage Loads
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current power conversion systems are inefficient and costly, particularly in space and extraterrestrial applications, requiring improved methods for flexible voltage and power management with resilience to environmental stressors like radiation.
Innovation Solution
A modular configurable electronic power converter (MCEPC) system using bidirectional converter modules with a power bus and controller module for real-time feedback and adaptive power routing, employing Gallium Nitride (GaN) and Silicon Carbide (SiC) power semiconductors for efficient energy transfer and redundancy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If traditional power conversion systems are used, then power conversion function is provided, but system size, weight, and cost are excessive particularly for space applications
Solution Approach 1:
The power conversion system is divided into multiple independent converter modules that can be selectively activated. Each module contains its own power semiconductor switches, allowing the system to operate with only the necessary number of modules based on power demand, thereby reducing overall system weight while maintaining high conversion efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically changes operational parameters by selecting different combinations of converter modules based on power level requirements. This allows the system to optimize efficiency at various power levels while minimizing the weight of inactive components, resolving the contradiction between efficiency and weight.
2Adaptability or versatility
If traditional power conversion systems are used, then power conversion function is provided, but system complexity and manufacturing cost are high
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses identical, standardized converter modules that can be combined in different configurations to achieve various voltage and power levels. This modular approach simplifies manufacturing and reduces complexity compared to traditional custom-designed systems, while maintaining high adaptability through flexible module combination.
Solution Approach 2:
Each converter module is designed as a universal building block that can serve multiple functions depending on its configuration and combination with other modules. The same module type can provide different voltage conversions and power levels, reducing the need for specialized components and simplifying the overall system design.
3Reliability
If traditional power conversion systems are used, then power conversion is provided, but resilience to radiation and environmental stressors is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides power conversion functionality across multiple independent modules, so that radiation damage or failure in one module does not affect the entire system. This segmentation provides inherent redundancy and resilience, allowing the system to continue operating with reduced capacity rather than complete failure.
Solution Approach 2:
The modular design incorporates built-in redundancy where spare converter modules can be activated if primary modules fail due to radiation or environmental stressors. This beforehand cushioning approach ensures continuous operation without requiring expensive specialized radiation-hardened components in every module.
4Adaptability or versatility
If fixed configuration power systems are used, then simple design is maintained, but adaptability to variable voltage demands is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically reconfigures which converter modules are active based on real-time power and voltage demands. The controller selectively enables or disables specific modules to match the required conversion ratio and power level, providing adaptability without requiring a completely reconfigurable design, thus balancing flexibility with manageable complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
Systems, methods, and devices for converting electric power are disclosed. Converter modules convert power in a configurable manner in conjunction with a controller.