Modular Quantum Processor Coupling for Scalable Qubit Connectivity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Modular quantum processors face challenges in scaling qubit numbers due to limitations in cooling density, dynamic circuit operation, and the need for larger qubit chips for algorithms like entanglement distillation, which are not efficiently addressed by existing technologies.
Innovation Solution
A quantum computing device comprising modules with qubits, buses, and readout structures connected using a combination of classical, short-range, and long-range couplers, enabling modular quantum systems with discreet levels of connectivity, allowing for classical, near-range, and medium-range connections that facilitate scalable quantum processors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If quantum computing systems use a single large-scale module, then computational capability is improved, but manufacturing complexity and cooling density limitations worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The quantum computing system is divided into multiple discrete modules, each containing a manageable number of qubits (e.g., 50-500 qubits per module). These modules can be manufactured separately with current technology and then interconnected through couplers to form a larger distributed quantum computer, thereby maintaining computational capability while reducing individual manufacturing complexity and cooling requirements.
2Productivity
If quantum computing systems increase qubit density, then computational power is improved, but cooling density limitations and error rates worsen
Solution Approach 1:
By segmenting the quantum system into multiple modules with moderate qubit densities, the patent avoids the error rate increases and cooling challenges associated with high-density single-module systems. Each module operates at manageable density levels while the collective system achieves high computational power through parallel processing across modules.
Solution Approach 2:
Classical intermediary systems and control mechanisms are introduced to manage quantum operations across distributed modules. These intermediaries handle coordination, error correction, and state management, enabling reliable operation at scale without requiring excessive qubit density in any single module.
3Adaptability or versatility
If quantum computing systems use discrete modular architecture, then adaptability and upgradability are improved, but system complexity and inter-module communication overhead worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs universal coupler interfaces and standardized module designs that can accommodate different qubit types and configurations. This universality allows modules to be interchangeably connected and reconfigured for different computational tasks, providing adaptability while managing system complexity through standardization rather than custom integration for each configuration.
Data Source
AI summary
Devices and methods that facilitate modular quantum systems with discreet levels of connectivity are provided. In various embodiments, a quantum computing device can comprise one or more modules comprising at least qubits, buses, and readout structures; a plurality of couplers, wherein the plurality of couplers comprises at least two couplers selected from a group consisting of: classical couplers, short-range couplers, and long-range couplers, that are adapted for coupling a plurality of the at least qubits, buses, and readout structures; and a connection from the one or more modules to one or more classical controllers external to a cryogenic environment comprising the one or more modules.