Modular Axle Shaft Assemblies for Racing Vehicles

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional steel axles in racing vehicles are heavy, prone to damage, and have limited durability, while alternative materials like titanium are expensive and complex to produce, requiring a solution that combines materials with low and high moduli of elasticity for improved weight, suspension, impact resistance, and durability.

Innovation Solution

A modular axle shaft assembly using a titanium shaft with steel end members, where the shaft and end members are mechanically connected using precise threads to provide a lightweight, flexible, and durable axle assembly that can withstand side impacts and rotational forces.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Weight of moving object

If conventional steel axles are used, then strength and impact resistance are provided, but weight increases and acceleration performance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaxle weightVSAvoidimpact resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Weight of moving objectVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The axle assembly uses a composite construction combining titanium shaft (low modulus material) with steel end members (high modulus material). The titanium shaft reduces weight and improves flexibility, while the steel end members provide necessary strength and impact resistance at the connection points.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

Different portions of the axle assembly use different materials optimized for their specific functions: titanium for the central shaft requiring flexibility and weight reduction, and steel for the end members requiring high strength and rigidity for connection to wheels and drive system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Weight of moving object

If titanium axle shafts are used, then weight is reduced and flexibility is improved, but manufacturing complexity and cost increase due to welding difficulties

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaxle weightVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Weight of moving objectVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The axle is divided into separate modular components: a titanium shaft and steel end members that are mechanically connected rather than welded. This segmentation allows each component to be manufactured independently using optimal processes, avoiding the welding complexity of solid titanium construction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The steel end members act as intermediary components that mechanically connect to the titanium shaft through threaded bores, providing a transition that avoids direct welding of titanium while achieving the necessary structural integration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Reliability

If solid titanium shafts are used, then fatigue life is improved, but splines are prone to breakage and rapid wear

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefatigue lifeVSAvoidspline durability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The steel end members provide locally enhanced properties at the spline connection points, where high strength and wear resistance are critical, while the titanium shaft maintains its superior fatigue life characteristics in the central portion subjected to bending loads.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

4Strength

If steel axles are used, then impact resistance is provided, but the axle remains warped after bending requiring replacement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimpact resistanceVSAvoidrepairability
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSEase of repair

Solution Approach 1:

The modular segmented design allows the titanium shaft to be separated from the steel end members, enabling replacement of only the bent shaft portion while retaining the durable steel end members with their precision-machined connection interfaces.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The assembly reduces vehicle weight, enhances acceleration and fatigue life, and allows for rapid interchangeability of components, improving overall performance and reducing production costs.

Implementation Method 1

a first shaft having a first end, a second end, and a central portion, the first shaft being formed from a material having a modulus of elasticity adapted to provide the first shaft with a flexibility for withstanding a side impact and resisting deformation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Implementation Method 2

A first mechanical connection component can be engaged with the first end of the shaft, and a second mechanical connection component can be engaged with the second end

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP3674103B1Modular axle shaft assemblies for use with racing vehicles and other vehicles
Publication Date: 2021.09.15 DZIEKONSKI MITCHELL Z
  • EP3674103B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP3674103B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP3674103B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

Axle shaft assemblies for use with a vehicle include a shaft formed from a first material having a first modulus of elasticity for providing the shaft with a flexibility adapted to withstand side impacts and resist deformation. A first end member can be engaged with a first end of the shaft, and a second end member can be engaged with the second end of the shaft. The end members can be formed from a second material having a second modulus of elasticity greater than the first, such that the end members are adapted to withstand a rotational force. The end members can include splined connectors, hub flanges, and other similar components. The resulting axle shaft assembly can thereby include modular combinations of materials having low and high moduli of elasticity.