Modular sample store and method for storing and providing samples

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing storage systems for temperature-sensitive biological, chemical, and biochemical samples face challenges such as ice crystal growth, rapid warming of dry ice-cooled containers, cumbersome liquid nitrogen storage, and limited capacity and complexity in robotic systems, particularly for automated and large-scale sample handling.

Innovation Solution

A modular sample store with a temperature-controlled storage area, a service area, and a transfer area, equipped with a motorized robot and integrally formed cubic vat modules for efficient storage and retrieval of samples, allowing for scalable capacity and easy assembly, with each module capable of operating within a wide temperature range of +25 °C to -90 °C.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If samples are stored at -18 °C in commercially available freezers, then storage is simple and accessible, but ice crystal growth causes sample destruction artefacts

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestorage simplicityVSAvoidsample integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the storage temperature parameter from -18 °C to -80 °C, which fundamentally alters the physical state of water in samples and prevents ice crystal growth that occurs at higher temperatures, thereby maintaining sample integrity while preserving storage accessibility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs a composite cooling system combining a compressor-based refrigeration cycle with a refrigerant expansion mechanism, creating a hybrid thermal control system that achieves and maintains -80 °C temperatures more reliably than conventional freezers

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If dry ice is used to cool containers to -78.5 °C, then ice crystal growth is reduced, but containers warm up rapidly after CO2 sublimation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesample integrityVSAvoidstorage duration
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses a compressor that automatically activates when temperature rises above the set point, and a refrigerant expansion valve that self-regulates coolant flow, creating a closed-loop self-service temperature maintenance system that eliminates the need for periodic manual refilling of cooling media

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements continuous cooling operation through a compressor-based system with automatic temperature control, ensuring uninterrupted cooling action rather than periodic cooling intervals, which maintains samples at -80 °C continuously and prevents temperature excursions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

3Reliability

If liquid nitrogen is used for storage at -196 °C, then sample integrity is maintained, but storage becomes cumbersome and requires dedicated safety measures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesample integrityVSAvoidstorage accessibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the temperature parameter from -196 °C (liquid nitrogen) to -80 °C (compressor-based refrigeration), which maintains sample integrity for most biological and chemical samples while eliminating the need for cryogenic safety infrastructure and specialized handling procedures

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the mechanical complexity of liquid nitrogen handling systems (including cryogenic storage tanks, transfer equipment, and safety interlocks) with a standard compressor-based refrigeration system, thereby simplifying the mechanical infrastructure while achieving comparable sample preservation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Quantity of substance

If a large number of samples are stored in a single cold atmosphere, then storage capacity increases, but cooling down the volume takes longer

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestorage capacityVSAvoidcooling time
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the storage system into multiple independent refrigerated modules or zones, each with its own cooling capacity, allowing parallel cooling of multiple smaller volumes rather than attempting to cool one large volume, thereby reducing overall cooling time while maintaining total storage capacity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

5Extent of automation

If a complex robot mechanism is used to access inner shelf positions, then sample retrieval is automated, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesample retrieval automationVSAvoidrobot mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Extent of automationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an intermediary robotic arm or gripper mechanism that operates in the warm access zone to transfer samples between storage positions, rather than requiring the entire robot mechanism to operate within the cold environment, thereby reducing the complexity of cold-compatible components while maintaining full automation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The modular design provides high storage density, efficient sample handling, and scalability, minimizing ice crystal growth and warming issues while maintaining sample integrity across a broad temperature range, supporting both upscaling and downscaling without disrupting functionality.

Implementation Method 1

a cooling device for cooling the storage area to at most -20 °C

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRefrigeration: Cooling

Implementation Method 2

at least one deep cooling device for cooling the air in the storage area to at most -80 °C

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDeep refrigeration: Cooling

Implementation Method 3

at least one ventilator for circulating the cooled air in the storage area

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectForced convection: Forced Convection

Data Source

PatentEP3598140B1Modular sample store and method for storing and providing samples
Publication Date: 2024.04.03 BROOKS AUTOMATION INC
  • EP3598140B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3598140B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3598140B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A modular sample store comprises a storage area for storing storage stacks, each storage stack holding at least one sample container; a transfer area located above the storage area; and a motorized robot located in the transfer area, the motorized robot including an end effector, an insulated hood and a lifting device, the lifting device being configured to at least partially lift a predetermined storage stack into the insulated hood from the storage area and up to a position which is accessible by the end effector, wherein the motorized robot is configured to,place the end effector into the insulated hood,engage a selected sample container in the predetermined storage stack with the end effector, andmove the end effector to remove the selected sample container of the predetermined storage stack from the insulated hood and a method for storing and providing samples.