Modular Electrochemical Stack Layout for Variable Power Input
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electrochemical devices, such as electrolysers, face underutilization of available energy due to high activation energy requirements, leading to reduced ability to respond to power fluctuations, especially when less power is available.
Innovation Solution
A containerized modular electrochemical cell system with removably mounted electrochemical stacks arranged in series, featuring independent activation, fluid distribution, and flow regulation, along with computer-implemented power control to optimize energy utilization based on available power and fluctuations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If a single large electrochemical stack is sized for required purpose, then the stack can meet the power demand, but the activation energy required is high causing underutilization of available energy when less power is available
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides a single large electrochemical stack into multiple smaller modular stacks that can be independently activated. Each module contains one or more electrochemical cells and can be operated separately, allowing the system to scale activation based on available energy and power demand, thus resolving the contradiction between meeting power demand and utilizing available energy efficiently
2Power
If a single large electrochemical stack is used, then the stack can meet the power demand, but the ability to respond to power fluctuations is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic operation by allowing individual modular stacks to be independently activated or deactivated based on real-time power availability and demand conditions. This dynamic configuration enables the system to adapt quickly to power fluctuations while maintaining the capability to meet overall power demand, resolving the contradiction between power capability and adaptability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively utilizes available power by allowing each stack or string to be independently activated and controlled, enhancing the response to power fluctuations and improving energy efficiency, particularly when coupled with renewable energy sources.
Implementation Method 1
Electrolysers are devices used for the generation of hydrogen and oxygen by, essentially, splitting water molecules
Implementation Method 2
AEM and PEM electrolysers are reliant on the transfer of ions from one half-cell to the other for the generation of hydrogen. AEM systems rely on the movement of hydroxide ions, OH−, whilst PEM systems rely on the movement of hydrogen ions, H+ through the membrane
Data Source
AI summary
A containerised modular electrochemical cell system, comprising: a housing; and a plurality of electrochemical stacks removably mounted within said housing, each stack comprising: one or more electrochemical cells; one or more fluid inlet(s) for receiving feedstock; and one or more product outlet(s), wherein the stacks are arranged in at least one string, each string comprising two or more of the stacks, the stacks in each string being electrically connectable in series, and each string being connectable to a power source, and wherein each stack or string is configured to be independently activated; and wherein each string comprises: at least one feedstock inlet manifold fluidly coupled to the inlet(s) of the stacks of the string for distributing feedstock between the inlet(s) of the stacks, and at least one product outlet manifold fluidly coupled to the outlet(s) of the stacks of the string; and flow regulation means configured to regulate fluid flow through the inlet(s) and/or outlet(s).