Modular UPS Reverse Power Flow for Grid Feedback
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) systems lack efficient modes of operation to manage power between main and backup sources, and to provide regenerative power back to the grid, leading to suboptimal performance and energy utilization.
Innovation Solution
A UPS system with two groups of power modules and a controller that operates in reverse, forward, and regenerative modes, allowing power to be derived from backup sources to loads and the grid, and vice versa, with the ability to provide current- or voltage-controlled outputs, and receive requests from grid controllers to stabilize the power grid.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If existing UPS systems use traditional single-mode operation, then the system structure is simple, but the energy utilization efficiency is low and regenerative power feedback to grid is not enabled
Solution Approach 1:
The UPS system dynamically switches between multiple operational modes (forward mode, reverse mode, regenerative mode) based on grid conditions and power availability. The power modules can change their function and connection configuration in real-time, enabling the system to adapt to varying energy conditions and maximize energy utilization efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The power modules are designed with universal functionality to operate in multiple modes: forward mode (traditional UPS operation), reverse mode (power export to grid), and regenerative mode (regenerative braking/feedback). This multi-functionality allows the same hardware to serve different purposes, improving energy efficiency without proportionally increasing system complexity.
2Adaptability or versatility
If UPS systems lack reverse mode operation capability, then the control system is simple, but the ability to provide power back to grid is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The UPS system is divided into modular power units that can be independently controlled. Each module can be configured for different operational modes, allowing the control system to manage complexity through modularization while providing versatile operational capabilities including reverse mode power export.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes operational parameters (connection topology, power flow direction, control algorithms) to enable different modes of operation. By adjusting these parameters, the same physical system can provide power to loads, export power to grid, or operate in regenerative mode, achieving adaptability without requiring completely different hardware for each mode.
3Loss of energy
If regenerative power feedback is not implemented, then the system design is straightforward, but energy recovery and grid stabilization capability is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The system captures energy that would otherwise be lost during regenerative processes (such as motor braking or excess generation) and converts it into useful power that can be fed back to the grid or used to charge backup power sources. This transforms energy waste into a beneficial resource, improving overall energy efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The regenerative mode implements a feedback mechanism where power generated by loads or backup sources is fed back through the UPS system to the grid. This feedback loop enables energy recovery and grid stabilization, turning the UPS into an active participant in grid energy management rather than just a passive protection device.
Data Source
AI summary
Aspects of the disclosure include a power supply system is provided comprising first and second inputs, an output, a first group of power modules coupled to the inputs and the output, a second group of power modules coupled to the inputs, and at least one controller configured to control, in a reverse mode, the first group of power modules to provide power derived from the second input to the output, wherein a majority of power provided by each power module of the first group of power modules in the reverse mode is provided to the output, and control, in the reverse mode, the second group of power modules to provide power derived from the second input to the first input, wherein a majority of power provided by each power module of the second group of power modules in the reverse mode is provided to the first input.