Modulating Valve Cold Plate for Data Center Thermal Management

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Solution Overview

Problem

Data centers face challenges in efficiently cooling electronic equipment due to inadequate cooling techniques, leading to potential device failure from overheating, which results in increased costs and reduced efficiency.

Innovation Solution

A cold plate cooling system with a tray-mounted control valve that adjusts the flow of a cooling liquid based on operating conditions of heat generating devices, allowing for customizable cooling fluid flow rates and temperatures to match the specific needs of each server tray, thereby optimizing cooling efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Area of stationary object

If forced convection cooling is used with fans, then cooling coverage is improved, but cooling effectiveness in difficult-to-cool areas deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling coverage areaVSAvoidcooling effectiveness
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system is divided into multiple independent cold plates, each targeting specific heat-generating components. This segmentation allows the system to provide focused cooling to difficult-to-cool areas while maintaining broad coverage through multiple distributed cooling zones.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Cold plates serve as intermediary heat exchangers between the electronic components and the cooling fluid. These intermediaries directly contact the heat-generating surfaces, efficiently transferring heat from difficult-to-cool areas to the cooling fluid flow.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Power

If cooling fluid flow rate is increased, then cooling capacity is improved, but energy efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling capacityVSAvoidenergy efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts the cooling fluid flow rate through controllable valves in response to real-time thermal conditions and power consumption levels. This dynamic adjustment allows the system to optimize the balance between cooling capacity and energy efficiency, increasing flow only when and where heat generation requires it.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes operational parameters (flow rate, temperature) of the cooling fluid based on the thermal load and power consumption of electronic devices. By adjusting these parameters dynamically, the system achieves high cooling capacity when needed while minimizing energy consumption during low-load conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of manufacture

If standard cooling systems are used, then manufacturing simplicity is improved, but adaptability to varying power levels deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing simplicityVSAvoidadaptability to power levels
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system uses multiple standardized cold plate modules that can be independently configured and combined. This modular segmentation maintains manufacturing simplicity through standardization while enabling high adaptability to different power levels and device configurations by simply adding or removing modules.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The cold plate design serves multiple functions: it acts as a heat exchanger, a structural mounting component, and a flow distribution element. This multi-functionality reduces manufacturing complexity by consolidating components while simultaneously increasing adaptability to various power levels and device arrangements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system provides scalable, modular, and efficient cooling, allowing for increased cooling during peak power usage while reducing overall cooling fluid flow usage, leading to higher efficiency and cost savings by accommodating varying power levels and manufacturing variations.

Implementation Method 1

at least one cold plate positioned in thermal communication with at least a portion of the plurality of heat generating electronic devices

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

a modulating control valve configured to adjust a flow rate of the cooling liquid through the at least one cold plate based at least in part on an operating condition of at least one of the plurality of heat generating electronic devices

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid flow control: Valve

Implementation Method 3

circulated a flow of a cooling liquid to a server rack sub-assembly that includes at least one motherboard mounted on a support member and a plurality of heat generating electronic devices mounted on the at least one motherboard

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection cooling: Convection

Data Source

PatentEP3782441B1Cooling electronic devices in a data center
Publication Date: 2024.09.04 GOOGLE LLC
  • EP3782441B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP3782441B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP3782441B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2C

AI summary

A data center cooling system includes a server rack sub-assembly that includes a motherboard mounted on a support member and a heat generating electronic devices mounted on the a motherboard; a cold plate positioned in thermal communication with at least a portion of the heat generating electronic devices, the cold plate configured to receive a flow of a cooling liquid circulated through a supply conduit fluidly coupled to a liquid inlet of the cold plate, through the cold plate, and through a return conduit fluidly coupled to a liquid outlet of the cold plate; and a modulating control valve attached to either of the motherboard or the support member and positioned in either of the supply conduit or the return conduit, the modulating control valve configured to adjust a rate of the flow of the cooling liquid based on an operating condition of at least one of the heat generating electronic devices.