Battery Pack Venting Channels for Thermal Runaway Containment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery packs are vulnerable to thermal events causing high-temperature gas discharge, which can propagate and lead to chain reactions and explosions, damaging adjacent modules and increasing the risk of explosion.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design with separate accommodation spaces and independent venting channels for each module, guided by a pack cover with grooved channels and barriers, allowing controlled discharge of venting gas to the outside without affecting adjacent modules.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If multiple battery modules are densely arranged in a narrow space to increase energy density, then energy density is improved, but the risk of thermal runaway propagation and chain reactions increases
Solution Approach 1:
The battery pack is divided into multiple independent accommodation spaces (first and second spaces) that are spatially separated. Each space contains its own battery modules and has independent venting channels, creating physical segmentation that prevents thermal runaway propagation between modules while maintaining high energy density through optimized spatial arrangement.
Solution Approach 2:
The pack cover acts as an intermediary structure that provides independent venting channels for each accommodation space. These channels guide high-temperature gas away from adjacent modules, serving as a protective mediator that maintains thermal safety without compromising the dense packing arrangement.
2Reliability
If independent venting channels are added to each battery module to safely discharge high-temperature gas, then thermal safety is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The pack cover serves multiple functions: it acts as the enclosure for accommodation spaces, provides structural support, and simultaneously functions as the venting channel system. By integrating the venting function into the existing pack cover structure rather than adding separate components, the design achieves thermal safety without proportionally increasing device complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design safely discharges high-temperature venting gas to the outside, minimizing impact on other modules, reducing pressure buildup, and preventing chain reactions, while enhancing structural rigidity and weight efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
when an event such as thermal runaway occurs in one battery module, high-temperature gas may be discharged from the battery module
Data Source
AI summary
A battery pack is configured to discharges a high-temperature gas to the outside of the battery pack without affecting other battery modules. The battery pack according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a pack housing having a first accommodation space and a second accommodation space spaced apart from the first accommodation space; a plurality of first battery modules disposed within the first accommodation space; a plurality of second battery modules disposed within the second accommodation space; and a pack cover configured to include a plurality of first independent venting channels configured to guide a venting gas generated in each of the plurality of first battery modules to the outside of the pack housing and a plurality of second independent venting channels configured to guide a venting gas generated in each of the plurality of second battery modules to the outside of the pack housing.