MOF-Based Sorption Filter Material for NBC Protection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing sorption filter materials for NBC protection face challenges such as high energy consumption in activated carbon production, limited regenerability, and difficulty in tailoring adsorption properties, as well as issues with gas and water vapor permeability, leading to discomfort and inefficiency in protective gear.
Innovation Solution
A sorption filter material utilizing a metal-organic framework substance (MOF) as a sorbent, combined with activated carbon, which provides enhanced gas permeability and adjustable pore size distribution for improved adsorption efficiency and comfort in protective gear.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If activated carbon is used as adsorbent, then adsorption efficiency is improved, but production energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental parameter of the adsorbent material from activated carbon to metal-organic framework (MOF) materials. MOFs offer comparable or superior adsorption efficiency through their tunable pore structures and high surface areas, while their synthesis processes consume significantly less energy compared to the high-temperature carbonization and activation required for activated carbon production.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials by combining MOF substances with carrier materials to create hybrid adsorption systems. This composite approach maintains the high adsorption efficiency needed for NBC protection while leveraging the energy-efficient synthesis characteristics of MOFs, thereby resolving the contradiction between performance and production energy consumption.
2Reliability
If activated carbon is used as adsorbent, then adsorption efficiency is improved, but regenerability is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical and structural parameters of the adsorbent by using MOF materials with their unique crystalline structures and reversible binding mechanisms. These materials can be regenerated through simpler processes such as pressure swing adsorption or thermal treatment at lower temperatures compared to activated carbon, improving regenerability while maintaining adsorption efficiency.
3Reliability
If activated carbon is used as adsorbent, then adsorption efficiency is improved, but pore size distribution is difficult to tailor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent exploits the parameter adjustability of MOF materials by selecting different metal nodes and organic linkers to precisely control pore size, shape, and distribution. This molecular-level design capability allows tailoring of pore structures to match specific contaminant sizes and shapes, enhancing adsorption efficiency for targeted NBC agents while providing versatility across different application scenarios.
4Reliability
If protective suit is made impermeable to air and water vapor, then NBC protection is improved, but thermal comfort deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a multi-layer protective suit structure where thin film layers provide NBC protection through the integrated MOF adsorption layer, while separate breathable layers allow air and water vapor permeability. This flexible layered design maintains protection efficacy while enabling thermal comfort through controlled permeability.
Solution Approach 2:
The protective suit uses composite material construction combining impermeable MOF-based adsorption layers for NBC protection with permeable breathable layers for thermal management. This composite structure resolves the contradiction by allowing each layer to perform its specialized function - one providing chemical protection, the other providing thermal comfort through air and vapor exchange.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The MOF-based sorption filter material offers superior adsorption performance comparable to activated carbon, with lower energy consumption and tailored properties for effective NBC protection, ensuring both comfort and high filter efficiency in protective suits and filters.
Implementation Method 1
the sorbent is formed on the basis of at least one metal-organic framework substance (MOF material)... for the sorption, preferably adsorption, of chemical and/or biological pollutants
Implementation Method 2
an adsorption filter layer with activated carbon, which binds the chemical poisons very permanently
Implementation Method 3
at least one gas-permeable, in particular air-permeable, carrier material... good gas and/or water vapor permeability
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a sorption filter material, in particular an adsorption filter material, which is suitable in particular for producing protective materials of all types (such as protective suits, protective gloves, protective shoes and other protective clothing as well as protective coverings, e.g. for transporting patients, for sleeping bags or similar) and for producing filters and filter materials. Said material is suitable for both military and civilian use, in particular for ABC applications.