Moisture Detection Element With Thin Insulating Film

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional moisture detection techniques for breath analysis are slow, power-intensive, and difficult to miniaturize, making them unsuitable for rapid and portable applications such as breath inspection devices for preventing drunk driving.

Innovation Solution

A compact moisture detection element featuring an insulating section with a projections-and-depressions structure, utilizing an AC voltage to detect moisture through changes in impedance caused by water molecules adsorbed on its surface, allowing for rapid and power-efficient detection.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a moisture sensitive film is used to detect moisture, then measurement precision is improved, but response time increases to about one minute

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemoisture detection precisionVSAvoidresponse time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the moisture-sensitive material from a thick film structure and replaces it with a thin insulating film coating (1-100 nm) on the capacitor electrodes. This extraction and thinning of the moisture-sensitive layer enables rapid moisture detection while maintaining measurement precision, resolving the contradiction between precision and response time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the physical parameters of the moisture-sensitive layer by using an insulating film with extremely thin thickness (1-100 nm) compared to conventional thick films. This parameter change reduces the time constant of the detection system, enabling fast response while maintaining the dielectric property changes necessary for precise moisture measurement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Measurement precision

If conventional moisture detection methods are used, then measurement precision is maintained, but device size cannot be reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemoisture detection precisionVSAvoiddevice size
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The invention integrates the moisture detection function directly into the capacitor structure by forming the insulating film as the dielectric layer between electrodes. This nesting of the moisture-sensitive layer within the capacitor structure eliminates the need for separate detection components, enabling miniaturization while maintaining measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention merges the capacitor structure with the moisture detection structure by using the insulating film of the capacitor as the moisture-sensitive layer. This merging eliminates redundant components and reduces device size while preserving the ability to detect moisture through dielectric constant changes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Difficulty of detecting and measuring

If ion detection sensors are used, then detection capability is achieved, but output is small requiring amplification and resulting in large power consumption

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection capabilityVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Difficulty of detecting and measuringVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The invention replaces the ion detection mechanism with a capacitive detection mechanism based on dielectric constant changes. This substitution eliminates the need for complex ionization processes and signal amplification circuits, significantly reducing power consumption while maintaining detection capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses the natural dielectric property changes of the insulating film in response to moisture as the detection signal, copying the physical phenomenon directly into an electrical signal without requiring additional energy-intensive conversion processes or amplification stages.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enables fast, low-power, and compact moisture detection, allowing for immediate breath analysis during exhalation and reducing device size, making it suitable for mobile and repeated use in breath inspection systems.

Implementation Method 1

water molecules adsorbed on a surface of the insulating material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdsorption: Adsorption

Implementation Method 2

detect moisture through changes in impedance caused by water molecules adsorbed on its surface

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectImpedance change: Electrical Resistance

Data Source

PatentEP3364178B1Moisture detection element, gas detection element, and breath inspection system
Publication Date: 2023.04.12 HITACHI LTD
  • EP3364178B1 patent drawingFigure 1(a)~1(b)
  • EP3364178B1 patent drawingFigure 2(a)~2(d)
  • EP3364178B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In order to provide a moisture detection element (1), a gas detection device, and a breath inspection system that are compact and have high response performance, the moisture detection element (1) is characterized by including an insulating section (4) made of an insulating material, an application electrode (2) to which an voltage is applied, and a detection electrode (3) that detects a voltage signal corresponding to a current flowing through an electrical path via water molecules adsorbed on the insulating section (4) by the voltage applied to the application electrode (2).