Monoglyceride Composition Low-Temperature Resistance
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Solution Overview
Problem
The decrease in sulfur content in gas oil leads to reduced lubricity, causing issues like fuel pump wear, and existing methods for producing monoglycerides with tall fatty acids do not effectively address low-temperature resistance and lubricating performance.
Innovation Solution
A method involving esterification reactions between glycerin and tall fatty acids, where unreacted glycerin is recovered and reused, adjusting the fatty acid to glycerin mole ratio between 0.1 to 2.0, and performing subsequent esterification reactions to achieve a monoglyceride composition with a decreased cloud point, enhancing low-temperature resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If sulfur content in gas oil is decreased to prevent air pollution, then air pollution is reduced, but lubricity of the engine decreases causing fuel pump wear
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces monoglyceride as an intermediary substance that mediates between the conflicting requirements of low sulfur content and adequate lubricity. The monoglyceride acts as a lubricity improver additive, containing a hydroxy group that adsorbs onto metal surfaces and an alkyl group that forms an oily film, thereby providing lubrication without requiring high sulfur content in the gas oil.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the gas oil by adding monoglyceride with specific molecular structure (tall fatty acid constituent). This parameter change allows the fuel to maintain low sulfur content while gaining improved lubricity properties through the adsorption and film-forming capabilities of the monoglyceride molecules.
2Productivity
If conventional esterification methods are used to produce monoglyceride, then monoglyceride is produced, but low-temperature resistance is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by controlling the esterification reaction conditions, specifically maintaining the acid value in the range of 1-50 mg KOH/g and using a fatty acid to glycerin mole ratio of 0.1 to 2.0. These parameter optimizations result in monoglyceride with reduced cloud point by 0.3°C or more, thereby improving low-temperature resistance while maintaining production efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method produces a monoglyceride composition with improved low-temperature resistance and lubricating performance, achieving a cloud point decrease of 0.3°C or more, suitable for use as an oiliness improver in gas oil, particularly in cold conditions.
Implementation Method 1
subjecting glycerin and the tall fatty acid to an esterification reaction
Implementation Method 2
a hydroxy group thereof adsorbs onto a metal surface
Implementation Method 3
an alkyl group thereof forms an oily film to improve lubricity
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a method of producing a composition containing a monoglyceride using a tall fatty acid as a constituent fatty acid in which crystallization at low temperature is more controlled. The method of producing a composition containing a monoglyceride using a tall fatty acid as a constituent fatty acid includes the following steps (1) and (2): (1) subjecting glycerin and the tall fatty acid to an esterification reaction in such a manner that a ratio of the number of moles of a fatty acid group to the number of moles of a glycerin group, [FA/GLY], falls within the range of from 0.1 to 2.0, followed by recovery of unreacted glycerin; and (2) subjecting glycerin including the glycerin recovered in the step (1) and the tall fatty acid to the esterification reaction.