Monolithic Antenna Source Thermal Management

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current antenna sources for space applications face inefficiencies in thermal energy dissipation due to small common sections between RF components and radiating surfaces, leading to performance degradation and thermo-elastic deformations, which are exacerbated by the need for increased electrical power processing and resulting thermal energy accumulation.

Innovation Solution

A monolithic antenna source with a radiating surface of revolution or pyramid, incorporating heat transfer means that extend from RF components to the radiating element along a longitudinal axis, utilizing heat pipes or two-phase fluid loops for efficient thermal energy rejection, and manufactured through methods like electroforming or additive manufacturing to enhance heat exchange and reduce thermal stresses.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If the common Sec section between RF components and radiating surface is kept small, then the antenna source structure is compact and easier to manufacture, but thermal energy transfer efficiency deteriorates leading to temperature increase and performance degradation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveantenna source structureVSAvoidtemperature of RF component assembly
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the heat transfer means with the radiating element to form an integrated monolithic structure. The heat transfer means is substantially formed from the same material as the radiating element, creating a unified component that eliminates thermal interface resistance and improves heat transfer efficiency from the RF components to space.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The heat transfer means extends along the longitudinal axis of the antenna source, utilizing the axial dimension for heat transfer. This dimensional approach allows efficient thermal conduction from the RF component assembly through the length of the structure to the radiating surface, addressing the thermal management problem without compromising the compact transverse structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Ease of manufacture

If the common Sec section between RF components and radiating surface is kept small, then the antenna source structure is compact, but thermo-elastic deformations increase due to temperature gradients

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveantenna source structureVSAvoidstructural stability of antenna source
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the heat transfer means with the radiating element to form an integrated monolithic structure. This integration ensures uniform thermal expansion characteristics and eliminates differential thermal expansion between separate components, thereby reducing thermo-elastic deformations while maintaining structural stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The heat transfer means is substantially formed from the same material as the radiating element, creating a homogeneous structure with uniform thermal and mechanical properties. This material homogeneity ensures consistent thermal expansion behavior throughout the structure, minimizing thermo-elastic deformations under thermal gradients.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #33Homogeneity

3Temperature

If heat exchange surfaces are increased to evacuate thermal energy, then thermal rejection capacity improves, but mass and size constraints of space applications are violated

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal rejection capacityVSAvoidmass of antenna source
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The radiating element serves dual functions: it radiates electromagnetic waves and simultaneously acts as a heat sink to evacuate thermal energy from the RF components. This self-service approach eliminates the need for separate heat dissipation structures, maintaining compact mass and size while achieving effective thermal rejection to space.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The radiating element is designed to perform multiple functions: electromagnetic wave radiation and thermal energy dissipation. By making the radiating element also serve as the primary heat exchange surface, the patent achieves thermal management without adding separate heavy radiator components, thus satisfying space application mass constraints.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration significantly enhances thermal rejection capabilities, reducing thermal stresses and mechanical deformations while maintaining compatibility with space application constraints, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the antenna source.

Implementation Method 1

heat transfer means extending from the set of RF components to the RF wave radiating element and over at least a part of the RF radiating element substantially along a longitudinal axis of the source, the latter being able to evacuate thermal energy

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

the set of RF components 2 is coupled to a radiator covered with a white paint. The use of a radiator increases the heat exchange surface towards space, which makes it possible to evacuate thermal energy from all of the RF components 2 by conduction towards the radiator then towards space by radiation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal radiation: Thermal Radiation

Implementation Method 3

heat pipes or two-phase fluid loops for efficient thermal energy rejection

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase change: Phase Change

Data Source

PatentEP3035437B1Monolithic antenna source for use in space
Publication Date: 2018.05.09 THALES SA
  • EP3035437B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP3035437B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2b
  • EP3035437B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

The invention relates to a monolithic antenna source for space application comprising: - an RF component set (2) carrying electromagnetic waves and dissipating thermal energy, and - an RF radiating element (4) having a radiating surface of revolution or pyramidal, the source further comprising thermal transfer means (5) extending from the RF component set (2) to the RF radiating element (4) and over at least a part of the RF radiating element (4) substantially along a longitudinal axis (AL) of the source, the radiating element (4) being capable of dissipating energy by thermal radiation.