Monopole Antenna Factor Calibration Using a Universal Artificial Antenna
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for determining the antenna factor of a monopole antenna, such as the equivalent capacitance substitution method (ECSM), require a specific artificial antenna matching the monopole antenna and are limited in correcting the effective height if the antenna is not mounted directly on the ground, leading to measurement uncertainties.
Innovation Solution
A method using a universal artificial antenna and a calibration adapter, along with a matching device, to determine the antenna factor through multiple measurement setups based on scattering parameters, allowing for the calculation of capacitances and correction factors without requiring a matching artificial antenna.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If the equivalent capacitance substitution method (ECSM) is used to determine the antenna factor, then the calibration can be performed with a simple artificial antenna, but the method requires the artificial antenna to match the monopole antenna exactly and the capacitance to be known in advance, leading to measurement uncertainties
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a calibration adapter as an intermediary component between the universal artificial antenna and the monopole antenna. The calibration adapter includes a known capacitance value and serves as a reference standard, allowing the system to determine the antenna factor without requiring the artificial antenna to match the monopole antenna exactly. This intermediary approach resolves the contradiction by providing a reliable reference that enables accurate measurement while maintaining calibration simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the approach from using a specific matching artificial antenna to using a universal artificial antenna with a calibration adapter. By introducing the calibration adapter with a known capacitance parameter, the system can determine the antenna factor through measurements of the universal artificial antenna in different configurations. This parameter change allows for accurate determination without requiring precise matching between the artificial and monopole antennas.
2Ease of manufacture
If the equivalent capacitance substitution method is used, then the calibration process is simple, but the ability to correct effective height for antennas not mounted directly on the ground is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a universal artificial antenna that can be used with different calibration adapters and in different measurement configurations. The universal artificial antenna serves multiple functions: it can be paired with the calibration adapter for accurate capacitance measurements, and it can also be used to measure the monopole antenna in various mounting positions. This universality enables the system to correct for different effective heights while maintaining calibration simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The calibration adapter acts as an intermediary that provides a known reference capacitance, allowing the universal artificial antenna to perform accurate measurements regardless of the monopole antenna's mounting position. The calibration adapter enables the system to determine the antenna factor accurately while the universal artificial antenna provides the flexibility to measure different configurations, including antennas at various heights from the ground.
3Measurement precision
If a specific artificial antenna matching the monopole antenna is used, then the calibration can be performed, but the device complexity increases and a new artificial antenna is needed for each monopole antenna type
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a universal artificial antenna that can be used with multiple different monopole antennas and calibration adapters. Instead of requiring a specific artificial antenna for each monopole antenna type, the universal artificial antenna serves as a single multi-functional component. When combined with the calibration adapter, it enables accurate calibration across different antenna types, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining measurement precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the approach from having specific artificial antennas for each monopole antenna type to using a universal artificial antenna with a calibration adapter. The calibration adapter provides the necessary reference parameters, allowing the universal artificial antenna to accurately calibrate different monopole antennas without requiring type-specific artificial antennas. This parameter-based approach simplifies the device inventory while maintaining calibration accuracy.
4Productivity
If the capacitance of the artificial antenna is known in advance, then the antenna factor can be determined, but any uncertainty in the capacitance value directly affects the measurement accuracy
Solution Approach 1:
The calibration adapter serves as an intermediary with a known capacitance value that acts as a reference standard. By using the calibration adapter, the system can determine the antenna factor through measurements of the universal artificial antenna in different configurations. The known capacitance of the calibration adapter provides a reliable reference that minimizes uncertainty, while the measurement process remains efficient. This approach resolves the contradiction by providing an accurate reference without requiring the artificial antenna's capacitance to be known in advance.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces measurement uncertainties and enables accurate determination of the antenna factor for monopole antennas at various heights and positions, using a single universal artificial antenna, simplifying the calibration process.
Implementation Method 1
measuring a scattering parameter associated with the universal artificial antenna in the second measurement setup, providing a calibration adapter, connecting the matching device with the calibration adapter such that the calibration adapter replaces the universal artificial antenna, thereby obtaining a third measurement setup, and measuring a scattering parameter associated with the calibration adapter in the third measurement setup
Data Source
AI summary
A method for determining an antenna factor of a monopole antenna includes providing an universal artificial antenna and determining its coupling capacitance. A matching device is connected with the universal artificial antenna (UAA) and a scattering parameter associated with the UAA is measured. A calibration adapter replaces the UAA, wherein a scattering parameter associated with the calibration adapter is measured. An input capacitance of the matching device is determined. A monopole antenna is connected with the matching device and the UAA, wherein a scattering parameter associated with the UAA and a scattering parameter associated with the calibration adapter are measured. The calibration adapter replaces the UAA. A capacitance of the monopole antenna is calculated. The antenna factor is determined based on the capacitance of the monopole antenna, the coupling capacitance of the UAA and the input capacitance of the matching device.