Monolithic MOPA Laser Wavelength Control Under Power Changes

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Solution Overview

Problem

High-power semiconductor lasers used as optical pump sources face challenges in maintaining a fixed lasing wavelength due to dependence on external fiber Bragg gratings, which add cost, have limited effectiveness, and introduce optical loss.

Innovation Solution

A monolithic master oscillator-power amplifier (MOPA) device with a single spatial mode DFB laser structure and separate electrical contacts for the master oscillator and power amplifier sections, allowing for simultaneous control of electrical currents to maintain constant wavelength and vary output power.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If an external fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is used for wavelength stabilization, then the lasing wavelength can be stabilized, but the device complexity increases and optical loss is introduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewavelength stabilizationVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent integrates the wavelength stabilization function directly into the semiconductor laser structure by forming a Bragg grating within the laser cavity itself, rather than using a separate external FBG. This merging of functions eliminates the need for additional external components while maintaining wavelength stabilization capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts the wavelength stabilization function from the external FBG component and relocates it into the laser cavity structure. By taking out the stabilization function and embedding it within the laser itself, the system eliminates dependency on external components and reduces overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Reliability

If an external fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is used for wavelength stabilization, then the lasing wavelength can be stabilized, but optical loss increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewavelength stabilizationVSAvoidoptical loss
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the wavelength stabilization function with the laser emission process by integrating the Bragg grating within the laser cavity. This eliminates the need for light to pass through an external FBG, thereby removing the associated optical losses while maintaining stabilization effectiveness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Power

If the power amplifier current is increased to increase output optical power, then the output power increases, but the wavelength drifts due to temperature changes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoutput optical powerVSAvoidwavelength stability
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback control mechanism where the controller monitors the relationship between amplifier current and wavelength, and automatically adjusts the oscillator current to compensate for temperature-induced wavelength drift. This closed-loop feedback ensures wavelength stability is maintained even as output power varies.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent dynamically adjusts the oscillator current parameter in response to changes in amplifier current. By changing this electrical parameter, the system compensates for thermal effects and maintains constant wavelength despite variations in output optical power.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Adaptability or versatility

If separate electrical contacts are used for master oscillator and power amplifier sections, then independent control of wavelength and power is enabled, but the manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveindependent control capabilityVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the semiconductor laser structure into distinct master oscillator and power amplifier sections with separate electrical contacts. This segmentation allows independent control of each section, enabling separate optimization of wavelength (via oscillator current) and power (via amplifier current) while maintaining a manufacturable integrated structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution eliminates the need for external fiber Bragg gratings, improving wavelength stability and reducing optical loss, while allowing for independent control of output power and wavelength, enhancing the performance of semiconductor laser-based pump sources.

Implementation Method 1

a Bragg grating (150) for providing a distributed optical feedback therein and for defining a laser wavelength

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBragg reflection: Bragg Diffraction

Implementation Method 2

a power amplifier (PA) section (130) comprising a semiconductor amplifier structure optically following the single spatial mode DFB laser structure and integrally coupled thereto for amplifying the laser light (117)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectStimulated emission: Laser

Implementation Method 3

a controller (230) configured to vary simultaneously the first and second electrical currents in opposite directions so that when the second electrical current through the PA section (120) is increased for increasing an optical power of the output light (161), the first electrical current through the MO section (120) is decreased so as to maintain a laser wavelength constant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal compensation:

Data Source

PatentEP2854241B1Mopa laser source with wavelength control
Publication Date: 2023.11.08 LUMENTUM OPERATIONS LLC
  • EP2854241B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2854241B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2854241B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention provides a wavelength-controlled pump MOPA laser and a method of operation thereof. A monolithic semiconductor MOPA laser chip (100) has a DFB-laser based master oscillator (120) and a power amplifier section (130) formed in a same monolithic waveguide, and separate MO and PA electrodes (111,112) for individual control of current injection into the MO and PA sections. The laser wavelength is defined by the DFB grating (150) and is kept fixed by suitably controlling the MO current to compensate for a thermal crosstalk from the PA section, or tuned by suitably changing the MO current or direct heating of the DFB region. Stabilisation may be performed with a photodetector at the output and a look-up table in order to control the currents provided to the MO and the PA section.