MOSFET Battery Management System Integrating Protection and Sensing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery management systems require multiple components for protection against over-voltage, under-voltage, and over-current, increasing complexity and energy consumption.
Innovation Solution
A battery management system that uses Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs) as both circuit breakers and current sensors, reducing the number of components and energy consumption by integrating protection and sensing functions into a single device.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple separate components are used for battery protection (circuit breakers, current sensors, voltage regulators), then the battery protection reliability is improved, but the device complexity and energy consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple protection functions (circuit breaker, current sensor, voltage regulator) into a single integrated battery management chip. This merging of previously separate components reduces device complexity while maintaining protection reliability through unified control of multiple MOSFETs for charging and discharging operations
Solution Approach 2:
The battery management chip performs multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as a circuit breaker, current sensor, voltage regulator, and control unit all in one device. This multi-functionality allows the single chip to replace multiple separate components while maintaining comprehensive battery protection
2Reliability
If multiple separate components are used for battery protection, then the battery protection reliability is improved, but the energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple protection functions (circuit breaker, current sensor, voltage regulator) into a single integrated battery management chip. This merging of previously separate components reduces device complexity while maintaining protection reliability through unified control of multiple MOSFETs for charging and discharging operations
Solution Approach 2:
The battery management chip continuously monitors battery parameters and automatically adjusts protection operations without external intervention. The integrated design allows the system to self-regulate power flow and protect against overcharging, over-discharging, and short circuits with minimal energy overhead compared to multiple separate components
3Reliability
If multiple separate components are used for battery protection, then the protection coverage is improved, but the manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple protection functions (circuit breaker, current sensor, voltage regulator) into a single integrated battery management chip. This merging of previously separate components reduces device complexity while maintaining protection reliability through unified control of multiple MOSFETs for charging and discharging operations
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach simplifies the system, reduces costs, and enhances energy efficiency by directly routing charge and discharge currents through the MOSFETs, effectively protecting batteries against voltage and current extremes without additional circuitry.
Implementation Method 1
The transistor unit acts a switch for the battery unit
Implementation Method 2
The transistor unit acts as current sensor resistor for the battery management unit
Data Source
AI summary
A battery module, including at least one battery unit, a transistor unit, and a battery management unit. The battery unit provides a power supply electrical current. The transistor unit is provided for serving as a switch for the battery unit and it a switch gate node, a first switch current node, and a second switch current node. The power supply electrical current passes through the first switch current node and the second switch current node when a predetermined transistor on-state voltage is applied to the switch gate node. The power supply electrical current is blocked front passing through the first switch current node and the second switch current node when a predetermined transistor off-state voltage is applied to the switch gate node. The battery management unit comprises a processor being connected to the switch gate node. The transistor unit further serves as an electrical current sensor.