Motion Information Candidate Generation for Video Encoding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current video codecs, such as MPEG-4 H.264/AVC, face challenges in efficiently encoding and decoding motion information due to the high overhead of motion vectors, which affects compression efficiency, especially with high-definition video content.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus that generate a fixed number of motion information candidates using temporally or spatially related prediction units, allowing for independent processing and error robustness during parsing by adding alternative information if necessary.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If motion vectors of each block are transmitted to increase compression efficiency through motion compensation, then motion compensation accuracy is improved, but transmission overhead increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by generating motion vector predictors before the actual motion vector encoding process. Multiple predictors (spatial from adjacent blocks, temporal from reference frames, and combined) are prepared in advance, allowing the encoder to select the most suitable predictor and only encode the difference, thereby reducing transmission overhead while maintaining accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses motion vector predictors as intermediaries between the actual motion vectors and the transmitted data. Instead of transmitting raw motion vectors directly, the system introduces predictors that approximate the motion vectors, and only the residuals (differences) need to be transmitted. This intermediary approach significantly reduces the amount of data that must be transmitted while preserving the essential motion information.
2Loss of information
If motion information is determined based on peripheral information to reduce overhead, then transmission overhead is reduced, but error robustness decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by using different prediction strategies for different spatial locations. Spatial predictors are derived from specifically selected adjacent blocks (left, upper, above-right) based on their reliability and relevance to the current block. This localized approach ensures that each predictor is optimally suited to its specific context, improving both compression efficiency and error robustness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements beforehand cushioning by preparing multiple motion vector predictor candidates in advance (spatial predictors, temporal predictors, and combined predictors). This redundancy acts as a cushion against errors - if one predictor is corrupted or inaccurate, alternative predictors are available to compensate, thereby enhancing error robustness without significantly increasing transmission overhead.
3Reliability
If a fixed number of motion information candidates are used, then error robustness at parsing stage is improved, but processing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by dynamically adjusting the number and type of motion vector predictor candidates based on the specific coding context. The encoder can select from a predefined set of predictor types (spatial, temporal, combined) and adjust how many candidates to generate based on factors such as block size, motion complexity, and available reference data. This parameter-based approach balances error robustness with processing complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are methods and apparatus for encoding and decoding motion information. The method of encoding motion information includes: obtaining a motion information candidate by using motion information of prediction units that are temporally or spatially related to a current prediction unit; adding, when the number of motion information included in the motion information candidate is smaller than a predetermined number n, alternative motion information to the motion information candidate so that the number of motion information included in the motion information candidate reaches the predetermined number n; determining motion information with respect to the current prediction unit from among the n motion information candidates; and encoding index information indicating the determined motion information as motion information of the current prediction unit.