Motion Sensor Heart Rate Detection via Dynamic Mode Switching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for continuous background heart rate and heartbeat events detection, such as ECG and PPG, are impractical for wearable devices due to high power requirements and impracticality of placing multiple electrodes or optical sensors on the body, and BCG measurements are affected by user movement.
Innovation Solution
A system and method using a low-power, low-noise motion sensor, like a 3-axis accelerometer, for continuous heart rate and heartbeat events detection, employing a smart scheduling framework that switches between normal and low-power modes based on user activity, and utilizing combined channel selection, cross-correlation, and a probability hybrid network to optimize signal processing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If ECG or PPG methods are used for continuous background heart rate detection, then measurement precision is improved, but power consumption increases and device complexity increases due to multiple electrodes or optical sensors
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple sensing modalities (accelerometer, gyroscope, barometer) into a single integrated motion sensor package, merging the functions of what would traditionally require separate ECG electrodes and PPG optical sensors into one compact unit that detects heart rate through body motion and pressure changes
Solution Approach 2:
The motion sensor serves multiple functions: it detects heart rate through ballistocardiography, monitors user activity levels, and provides orientation data, replacing the need for dedicated ECG electrodes and PPG sensors while consuming less power
2Measurement precision
If ECG or PPG methods are used for continuous background heart rate detection, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases due to multiple electrodes or optical sensors
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple sensing modalities (accelerometer, gyroscope, barometer) into a single integrated motion sensor package, merging the functions of what would traditionally require separate ECG electrodes and PPG optical sensors into one compact unit that detects heart rate through body motion and pressure changes
Solution Approach 2:
The motion sensor serves multiple functions: it detects heart rate through ballistocardiography, monitors user activity levels, and provides orientation data, replacing the need for dedicated ECG electrodes and PPG sensors while consuming less power
3Use of energy by moving object
If BCG measurements are used for heart rate detection in wearable devices, then power consumption is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates due to user movement artifacts
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the heart rate detection process into two distinct operational modes: a low-power mode using only accelerometer data for basic heart rate estimation, and a high-precision mode that activates additional sensors (gyroscope, barometer) and processing algorithms when motion artifacts are detected, allowing the system to optimize between power consumption and measurement precision dynamically
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts its operational characteristics by switching between different sensing modes and processing intensities based on detected motion levels, adapting the measurement precision and power consumption in real-time to match the user's activity state
4Productivity
If continuous background heart rate monitoring is implemented, then productivity is improved, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic heart rate monitoring with variable intervals based on activity level, performing frequent measurements when the user is stationary or sleeping and reducing measurement frequency during high-activity periods, thereby maintaining continuous monitoring capability while significantly reducing average power consumption
Solution Approach 2:
The system automatically adjusts its monitoring strategy based on detected activity patterns, using the accelerometer data to self-determine when high-precision heart rate measurement is necessary versus when lower-power modes suffice, eliminating the need for manual user input or configuration
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Extends battery life, increases precision in beat location detection, and provides flexible, precise heart rate monitoring without the need for multiple leads or high power consumption, suitable for wearable devices prone to movement artifacts.
Implementation Method 1
a motion sensor configured to output a sensor signal that correlates to motion of the user
Data Source
AI summary
As a non-limiting example, various aspects of this disclosure provide embodiments of continuous background heartrate and heartbeat events detection using a motion sensor during various phases of activity by a user.