Motion Vector Entropy Coding via Component Correlation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing video encoding technologies using motion compensation struggle to efficiently encode motion vectors (MV) due to independent prediction and encoding of MV components, which limits the utilization of their correlation, resulting in suboptimal bit rate reduction.
Innovation Solution
A video encoding device and method that predicts and encodes the vertical component of a motion vector using the horizontal component, leveraging the correlation between components to reduce the bit rate by employing a probability estimation based on a generalized Gaussian distribution and entropy encoding techniques.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If independent prediction and encoding of MV components is performed, then the encoding process is simple, but the bit rate reduction efficiency is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The motion vector encoding process is segmented into two stages: first encoding the horizontal component, then using it to predict and encode the vertical component. This segmentation allows exploitation of inter-component correlation while maintaining manageable complexity through sequential processing.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from independent one-dimensional encoding of MV components to a two-dimensional approach where the horizontal component serves as a prediction basis for the vertical component. This dimensional linkage exploits the spatial correlation between components to achieve better compression.
2Loss of information
If correlation between MV components is utilized, then bit rate reduction improves, but the encoding complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The horizontal component is encoded first and stored as prediction information before encoding the vertical component. This preliminary action creates a reference that simplifies the subsequent vertical component encoding, reducing the overall complexity despite the increased bit rate efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The horizontal component acts as an intermediary between the prediction process and the vertical component encoding. By using the decoded horizontal component as a prediction basis, the system mediates the relationship between components, achieving efficient compression without requiring complex joint encoding algorithms.
Data Source
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AI summary
A video encoding device uses motion-compensated inter-frame prediction for each block by dividing an image into blocks each having a predetermined size, designating one component value of a plurality of component values of a motion vector (MV) between an encoding target block and a neighboring block as a first component value, designating another component value as a second component value, and encoding each of the first component value and the second component value, and includes a first component encoding means which encodes a difference value of a first component and a second component encoding means which obtains a probability of occurrence of a candidate value for the second component value of the MV of the encoding target block based on a difference value between the first component value of the MV of the neighboring block and the first component value of the MV of the encoding target block and the second component value of the MV of the neighboring block, specifies a codeword of the second component value based on the occurrence probability, and encodes the second component value.