Motion Vector Field Coding via Prediction Residuals

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current video coding technologies lack an effective method for compressing motion vector fields, which are crucial for efficient video transmission and storage, especially with high frame rates.

Innovation Solution

The proposed method involves coding prediction information and prediction residual signals instead of the original motion vector field signals, allowing for improved compression efficiency by dividing the motion vector field into blocks and using intra-frame and inter-frame prediction modes to reconstruct the original signal during decoding.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the original motion vector field signal is coded directly, then the coding process is simple, but the compression efficiency is low and the amount of data is large

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompression efficiencyVSAvoidcoding process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The motion vector field is divided into multiple blocks, and each block is processed independently through prediction and residual coding. This segmentation allows the complex coding task to be broken down into manageable units while achieving better compression through localized prediction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Prediction signals are generated before actual coding by using motion compensation from reference frames. This preliminary action creates an estimate of the motion vector field that reduces the amount of information needing to be coded, as only the difference (residual) needs to be transmitted.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Loss of information

If prediction information and residual signals are coded instead of original signals, then compression efficiency is improved, but the coding process becomes more complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinformation amountVSAvoidcoding process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The prediction component is extracted from the original motion vector field, leaving only the residual (difference) to be coded. This extraction separates the predictable portion from the unpredictable portion, allowing efficient coding of only the essential information that cannot be predicted.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The prediction signal acts as an intermediary between the reference frames and the current frame's motion vector field. It mediates the transformation by providing a baseline estimate, allowing the residual to capture only the deviations from this estimate.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Quantity of substance

If motion vector fields are not compressed, then the coding process is straightforward, but transmission and storage requirements are high

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata amountVSAvoidcompression efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The approach changes the parameters being coded from absolute motion vector values to relative residuals from prediction. This parameter transformation significantly reduces the data amount while maintaining the ability to reconstruct the original motion vector field through the inverse process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3343923B1Motion vector field coding method and decoding method, and coding and decoding apparatuses
Publication Date: 2021.10.06 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP3343923B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3343923B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3343923B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

Embodiments of the present invention disclose a motion vector field coding and decoding method, a coding apparatus, and a decoding apparatus. The method in the embodiments of the present invention includes: obtaining an original signal of a current motion vector field block, where the current motion vector field block is obtained by dividing a current motion vector field into blocks, and the current motion vector field is a motion vector field corresponding to a video frame at a moment t; obtaining a prediction signal of the current motion vector field block and prediction information of the current motion vector field block, where the prediction information is used to indicate information required for obtaining the prediction signal; calculating a prediction residual signal of the current motion vector field block according to the prediction signal and the original signal, where the prediction residual signal is used to indicate a residual between the original signal and the prediction signal; and writing the prediction information and the prediction residual signal into a bitstream. According to the embodiments of the present invention, motion vector field compression efficiency can be improved.