Motion Vector Prediction Using Neighboring Block Indices
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current video encoding methods are inefficient in predicting motion vectors, leading to suboptimal coding efficiency due to the need for transmitting large motion vectors and residual signals, which increases data volume and reduces compression effectiveness.
Innovation Solution
A video encoding apparatus that uses a predictor to generate a predicted motion vector and a differential motion vector, with an entropy encoder transmitting an index to identify the predicted motion vector, leveraging neighboring blocks to determine the most similar motion vector and encode it efficiently, thereby reducing data transmission requirements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If motion vectors are transmitted directly without prediction, then encoding simplicity is maintained, but data volume increases and coding efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by generating predicted motion vectors before actual encoding. The predictor uses neighboring block motion vectors to predict the current block's motion vector, and this predicted value is prepared in advance and transmitted along with the residual. This allows the decoder to reconstruct motion vectors without transmitting full precision values, reducing data volume while maintaining encoding/decoding functionality.
2Productivity
If motion vector prediction using neighboring blocks is implemented, then coding efficiency improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the motion vector encoding process into distinct functional components: a predictor that generates predicted motion vectors from neighboring blocks, an entropy encoder that encodes the index and differential motion vector, and separate decoding components. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently and facilitates implementation using standard video coding structures, managing complexity while improving coding efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary predicted motion vector that mediates between the original motion vector and the transmitted residual. The predicted motion vector, derived from neighboring blocks, serves as an intermediate representation that captures the dominant motion characteristics, allowing the residual to encode only the difference. This intermediary approach reduces the information that needs to be transmitted while maintaining accurate motion compensation.
3Measurement precision
If large motion vectors are transmitted, then prediction accuracy is maintained, but data transmission volume increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses copying by transmitting an index that references a predicted motion vector from a set of candidate motion vectors derived from neighboring blocks. Instead of transmitting the full precision motion vector directly, the system transmits a compact index value that points to the predicted vector, and the actual motion vector is reconstructed by combining this index with the transmitted residual. This copying approach maintains precision while significantly reducing transmission data volume.
Data Source
AI summary
A video encoding apparatus includes: a predictor to generate a predicted block of a current block corresponding to a predicted motion vector and a differential motion vector; and an entrophy encoder to encode an index for use in identifying the predicted motion vector of the current block and the differential motion vector in a bitstream, where the predicted motion vector of the current block corresponds to a motion vector identified by the index in an inter prediction mode, and where the index corresponds to at least one of representative blocks determined using neighboring blocks of the current block, in consideration of priorities of block positions.