Motorized Rotating Inlet Guide Vane for Turbofan Airflow Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current gas turbine engines lack efficient control over airflow direction and preconditioning into the fan section, which limits compressor efficiency and thrust generation.

Innovation Solution

Incorporation of a rotatable fan inlet guide vane system with electrical machine components, including stator windings and permanent magnets, allowing for independent rotation and power generation, enabling precise airflow direction and preconditioning through a controller-driven system.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If traditional fixed inlet guide vanes are used, then the structure is simple, but airflow direction control and compressor efficiency are limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompressor efficiencyVSAvoidinlet guide vane system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The inlet guide vanes are made rotatable about the engine axis independently of fan blade rotation, allowing dynamic adjustment of vane angle to optimize airflow direction and compressor efficiency under different operating conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The electrical machine components serve dual functions: controlling the rotation of inlet guide vanes for airflow optimization and generating electrical power during windmilling operations, reducing the need for separate systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Ease of operation

If electrical machine components are added to control inlet guide vanes, then airflow control precision is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveairflow direction control precisionVSAvoidelectrical machine component integration
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Traditional mechanical linkage systems for controlling inlet guide vane position are replaced with electrical machine components (motors or actuators) that can precisely control vane rotation angles through electrical signals, enabling more accurate and responsive airflow direction control

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The control system for inlet guide vanes is integrated with the fan control system through a common controller that receives engine operating parameters and coordinates the rotation of both fan blades and inlet guide vanes to optimize performance across different flight conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Productivity

If inlet guide vanes are made rotatable independent of fan, then airflow optimization is improved, but mechanical complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefan section efficiencyVSAvoidindependent rotation mechanism
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Electrical machine components act as intermediaries between the control system and the inlet guide vanes, providing a compact and controllable mechanism for independent rotation without requiring complex mechanical linkages to the fan shaft

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The inlet guide vane system is segmented into individually controllable vanes that can rotate independently about the engine axis, allowing precise control of airflow distribution across different sections of the fan inlet

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Loss of energy

If electrical machine components generate power during windmilling, then energy recovery is improved, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy recovery during windmillingVSAvoidpower generation system
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The electrical machine components are configured to generate electrical power during windmilling operations when the inlet guide vanes rotate with the airflow, converting kinetic energy that would otherwise be lost into useful electrical energy to power engine systems or recharge batteries

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enhances fan section efficiency by optimizing airflow, increases thrust generation, and allows for electrical power generation during windmilling, improving overall engine performance and operational flexibility.

Implementation Method 1

the first and second electrical machine components are configured to generate electrical power when the plurality of inlet guide vanes windmill

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

the first and second electrical machine components are configured to control rotation of the plurality of fan inlet guide vanes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic force: Lorentz Force

Data Source

PatentEP3633152B1Turbofan with motorized rotating inlet guide vane
Publication Date: 2021.12.01 RTX CORP
  • EP3633152B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3633152B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3633152B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

A gas turbine engine includes a turbine section (28) that is configured to drive a fan (22) through a fan shaft (47). The fan (22) includes a plurality of fan blades (42) rotatable about an axis of rotation of the gas turbine engine. A fan nacelle (18) includes a first electrical machine component (68). The fan (22) is located within the fan nacelle (18). A plurality of fan inlet guide vanes (66) includes a second electrical machine component (69). The plurality of fan inlet guide vanes (66) are rotatable about the axis.