Movable-Actuator Venting for Controlled PIP and PEEP
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing respiratory devices, such as self-inflating and flow-inflating bags, deliver inconsistent and potentially harmful pressure waves during resuscitation, risking lung damage in patients due to spikes in pressure and lack of controlled PEEP and PIP, posing risks like IVH and lung damage.
Innovation Solution
A vent mechanism with a movable actuator that adjusts the area available for gas exit, regulating pressure by occluding and unoccluding an orifice, allowing for controlled delivery of PIP and PEEP, and optionally combined with a pressure regulating valve to maintain a predetermined pressure range.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If self-inflating or flow-inflating bags are used to provide respiratory support, then the device can deliver pressure to the patient, but the pressure is delivered in spikes or pulses with no or limited PEEP and overly high PIP, posing risk of lung damage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a movable actuator that dynamically adjusts the vent area during operation, transitioning from a static vent design to a dynamic one. This allows real-time control of pressure delivery, enabling smooth transitions between PEEP and PIP phases while preventing sudden pressure spikes that could damage the patient's lungs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the vent area parameter from fixed to variable by introducing a movable actuator. By adjusting the vent area based on the respiratory phase (PEEP vs PIP), the system achieves controlled pressure delivery with smooth transitions, eliminating the harmful spikes and pulses associated with fixed vent designs.
2Reliability
If a movable actuator is introduced to adjust vent area for controlled pressure delivery, then pressure control is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The movable actuator is designed to be manually operated by the user during resuscitation, eliminating the need for complex automated control systems. The actuator allows the operator to adjust vent area in real-time based on patient needs, achieving controlled pressure delivery through simple manual manipulation rather than complex electronic controls.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The vent mechanism provides a controlled and consistent delivery of PIP and PEEP, reducing the risk of lung damage by stabilizing pressure waves, thus protecting the patient's lungs.
Implementation Method 1
movement of the actuator adjusts an area of the vent available for the gas to exit from the respiratory system via the vent... adjusting the area of the vent available for the gas to exit regulates a pressure of the breathable gas delivered to the patient
Data Source
AI summary
A vent for use with a respiratory system arranged to convey a breathable gas to a patient, wherein the vent allows gas from within the respiratory system to exit, comprising: a movable actuator, wherein movement of the actuator adjusts an area of the vent available for the gas to exit from the respiratory system via the vent.