Chimeric Mpox Antigen Fusion for Dual IMV and EEV Protection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current vaccines for monkeypox virus, such as JYNNEOS ™< and ACAM2000 ®< , are attenuated live vaccines with safety risks, limited applicability, and uncertain efficacy, particularly for young children, pregnant women, and individuals with compromised immune systems, and they do not effectively target both IMV and EEV virus particles.
Innovation Solution
A recombinant chimeric antigen comprising the Monkeypox virus A35 and M1 proteins, designed as a single-chain tandem fusion multivalent antigen, specifically targeting both intracellular mature virus (IMV) and extracellular enveloped virus (EEV) particles, with a clear immunogenic composition and high production capacity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If attenuated live vaccines are used for monkeypox prevention, then vaccination coverage can be achieved, but safety risks and side effects increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential immunogenic components (A35 and M1 proteins) from the complete virus, creating a subunit vaccine that eliminates harmful viral elements while retaining protective immunity. This extraction approach resolves the contradiction by providing vaccination coverage through targeted antigen delivery without the safety risks associated with live attenuated viruses.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical and biological parameters of the vaccine from live attenuated virus to recombinant protein subunits. This parameter change transforms the vaccine from a whole-virus approach with inherent safety risks to a purified protein approach that maintains immunogenicity while eliminating harmful effects, thereby achieving vaccination coverage with improved safety profile.
2Reliability
If attenuated live vaccines are used, then immune response can be induced, but applicability is limited for certain populations
Solution Approach 1:
By extracting only the essential immunogenic proteins (A35 for EEV and M1 for IMV) from the complete virus, the patent creates a subunit vaccine that induces reliable immune response without the safety concerns of live viruses. This extraction enables broad applicability across all populations including immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women, and children who cannot receive live vaccines.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the vaccine form from live attenuated virus to recombinant protein subunits, which fundamentally alters the safety profile while maintaining immunogenicity. This parameter change enables the vaccine to be safely administered to diverse populations with varying immune statuses, thereby improving adaptability without compromising immune response reliability.
3Measurement precision
If vaccines target only one virus particle type, then specific immunity is achieved, but comprehensive protection is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges two distinct immunogenic proteins (A35 from EEV and M1 from IMV) into a single chimeric antigen construct. This combination enables the vaccine to elicit antibodies against both extracellular enveloped virus and intracellular mature virus particles, achieving comprehensive protection while maintaining specific immunity through targeted antigen design.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a multivalent antigen that performs multiple protective functions simultaneously - targeting both EEV and IMV particle types. This multi-functionality ensures comprehensive protection against different viral forms and transmission routes, resolving the contradiction between specific immunity and broad protective coverage.
4Reliability
If recombinant chimeric antigen is designed to target both IMV and EEV, then comprehensive immune protection is achieved, but antigen complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines A35 and M1 proteins into a single chimeric antigen construct using a standardized linker sequence (GGGGS)n. This merging approach achieves comprehensive immune protection against both IMV and EEV while managing structural complexity through modular design and standardized connection elements, making the complex antigen tractable for production and characterization.
5Object-affected harmful factors
If subunit vaccine is developed instead of live vaccine, then safety is improved, but production capacity and cost effectiveness decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the essential immunogenic components from the complete virus to create a subunit vaccine, which improves safety by eliminating harmful viral elements. The extracted proteins (A35 and M1) can be produced through recombinant expression systems, enabling scalable production that maintains both safety advantages and production efficiency, thereby resolving the contradiction between safety improvement and production capacity.
Data Source
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AI summary
Provided are a recombinant chimeric antigen for a poxvirus, in particular for a Mpoxvirus, a subunit vaccine comprising the recombinant chimeric antigen, and a use thereof. The recombinant chimeric antigen of the present application comprises two immunogens arranged in a specific manner: a Mpoxvirus A35 protein or an antigenic fragment thereof or derivative peptides of same, and a Mpoxvirus M1 protein or an antigenic fragment thereof or derivative peptides of same, and can excite an immune response to two infectious virus particles of intracellular mature virus (IMV) particles and extracellular enveloped virus (EEV) particles.