3D MR Pulse Sequence for Concurrent Perfusion and Diffusion Imaging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current MRI systems for ischemic stroke diagnosis require separate acquisitions of perfusion-weighted and diffusion-weighted images, leading to variability and prolonged time between diagnosis and intervention due to differing image acquisition parameters and the need for manual alignment by trained technicians.
Innovation Solution
A 3D-based MR pulse sequence with radial gradient trajectories concurrently acquires high-resolution perfusion-weighted and diffusion-weighted images within a single scan, using a system that includes an RF signal generator and magnetic field gradient generator to quantify ischemic penumbra in under two minutes, eliminating the need for separate scans and manual alignment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If separate scans are used for perfusion-weighted and diffusion-weighted images, then image acquisition can be performed with optimized parameters for each type, but acquisition time increases to ten minutes or more
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) into a single MR scan sequence. The system acquires both perfusion image data and diffusion image data within one scan, eliminating the need for separate scans. This merging approach reduces total acquisition time from ten minutes or more to a single scan duration while maintaining the ability to optimize parameters for both imaging types simultaneously.
2Measurement precision
If different image acquisition parameters are used for perfusion-weighted and diffusion-weighted MR images, then each image type can be optimized, but manual alignment and overlay require a specially trained technician and may take up to an hour
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the acquisition of perfusion and diffusion images into a single scan with unified acquisition parameters including spatial resolution and slice location. By acquiring both image types simultaneously using the same imaging parameters, the system eliminates the need for manual alignment and overlay processes that previously required specially trained technicians and could take up to an hour.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs automatic alignment and integration of perfusion and diffusion images through its processing capabilities. The images are automatically co-registered and analyzed without requiring external manual intervention, allowing the imaging system to serve itself in the alignment process rather than relying on technician expertise.
3Loss of information
If separate scans are performed for perfusion and diffusion imaging, then comprehensive data can be collected, but the time between diagnosis and intervention is prolonged
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines perfusion and diffusion imaging into a single MR scan that collects comprehensive data for both image types simultaneously. This approach ensures complete data collection for stroke diagnosis while reducing the time between diagnosis and intervention by eliminating the sequential nature of separate scans. The system acquires both perfusion image data and diffusion image data within one scan, enabling faster clinical decision-making.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach significantly reduces the time required for diagnosis by enabling concurrent acquisition of both image types with improved spatial resolution and accuracy, allowing for timely intervention in ischemic stroke and other conditions.
Implementation Method 1
RF (Radio Frequency) signal generator for generating RF excitation pulses in anatomy and enabling subsequent acquisition of associated RF echo data
Implementation Method 2
A magnetic field gradient generator generates anatomical volume select magnetic field gradients for phase encoding and readout RF data acquisition
Data Source
AI summary
A system for perfusion and diffusion MR imaging of a portion of patient anatomy includes an RF (Radio Frequency) signal generator for generating RF excitation pulses in anatomy and enabling subsequent acquisition of associated RF echo data. A magnetic field gradient generator generates anatomical volume select magnetic field gradients for phase encoding and readout RF data acquisition in a three dimensional (3D) anatomical volume. The RF signal generator and the gradient generator acquire within a single MR imaging scan, perfusion image data of the 3D volume, at least partially in the presence of contrast agent, and diffusion image data of the 3D volume.