MRI Magnetization Transfer Pulse Sequences for k-Space Segmentation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Magnetic resonance imaging processes using magnetization transfer (MT) pulses require longer imaging times due to the need for multiple pulses to achieve steady state image contrast, especially when acquiring multiple image types, leading to increased examination duration and patient burden.
Innovation Solution
A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and method that employs sequence controlling circuitry to apply MT pulses in a manner that transitions magnetization into steady states more efficiently, allowing for the acquisition of MR signals in both radio frequency and low frequency regions of the k-space, with processing circuitry generating images based on these signals, thereby reducing imaging time while maintaining contrast.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple MT pulses are applied repeatedly to achieve steady state image contrast, then image contrast quality is improved, but imaging time period increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the k-space acquisition into different frequency regions (central region and peripheral regions). The central region is acquired during steady state after multiple MT pulses, while peripheral regions are acquired during transition periods with fewer pulses. This segmentation allows selective acquisition of high-quality data where needed while reducing total imaging time.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies partial action by not requiring complete steady state for all k-space regions. Instead, it uses sufficient MT pulses only for the central region where high contrast quality is critical, and accepts transition-state data for peripheral regions where contrast quality requirements are lower, thereby reducing overall imaging time.
2Measurement precision
If multiple MT pulses are applied repeatedly to achieve steady state image contrast, then image contrast quality is improved, but patient burden increases
Solution Approach 1:
By segmenting the acquisition strategy according to k-space frequency regions, the patent reduces the total number of MT pulses required while maintaining essential contrast quality in critical areas. This directly reduces examination duration and patient burden.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter of MT pulse repetition strategy based on spatial frequency requirements. Different regions of k-space receive different numbers of MT pulses, optimizing the balance between image quality and examination time, thereby reducing patient burden.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple image types are acquired using mutually-different MT pulses, then diagnostic information is improved, but imaging time period increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the acquisition of multiple image types by interleaving them within the same pulse sequence framework. Different MT pulse types are applied in a coordinated manner across different segments of the acquisition, allowing multiple diagnostic datasets to be obtained without simply summing their individual acquisition times.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the acquisition of multiple image types across different k-space regions and time points. By distributing the acquisition of different image types across transition and steady state periods, it efficiently packs multiple diagnostic objectives into a reduced total time frame.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The approach shortens the imaging time period for MT-based imaging, improves Signal-to-Noise Ratios (SNRs), and enhances the throughput of medical examinations by optimizing the acquisition of MR signals across different image types, reducing the burden on patients.
Implementation Method 1
In a first transition period in which a first Magnetization Transfer (MT) pulse is applied repeatedly until magnetization is transited to a first steady state
Implementation Method 2
repeat application of the first MT pulse and acquisition of a first Magnetic Resonance (MR) signal corresponding to a radio frequency region that is a part of a k-space
Data Source
AI summary
An MRI apparatus according to an embodiment includes sequence controlling circuitry, in a first transition period, repeating application of a first MT pulse and acquisition of a first MR signal to a first frequency region being a part of a k-space; in the first steady state, repeating application of the first MT pulse and acquisition of a second MR signal to a second frequency region of the k-space, frequency in second frequency region being lower than frequency in the first frequency region; and in a second transition period, repeating application of a second MT pulse and acquisition of a third MR signal to a third frequency region being another part of the k-space, frequency in the third frequency region being higher than the frequency in the second frequency region, and processing circuitry generating one MR image on basis of the first, second, and third MR signal.