mRNA Functionalization via Hybridized RNA Oligomer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current mRNA vaccines face challenges in stabilizing mRNA carriers, inducing efficient protein expression, and provoking inflammatory responses without the use of adjuvants, which can affect safety and efficacy.
Innovation Solution
The method involves functionalizing mRNA by allowing an RNA oligomer with a complementary sequence to hybridize with the mRNA, either alone or with additional RNA oligomers, to create a double-stranded RNA structure that is chemically modified, enhancing stability and immune induction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If mRNA is chemically modified to improve enzyme resistance, then stability is improved, but protein translation efficiency is largely decreased
Solution Approach 1:
The invention divides the mRNA molecule into two separate components: a modified RNA oligomer (which provides enzyme resistance when hybridized) and the coding sequence (which maintains translation efficiency). The modified RNA oligomer hybridizes to a complementary sequence on the mRNA, providing stability without interfering with the coding region's function.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses a modified RNA oligomer as an intermediary that hybridizes to the mRNA to provide enzyme resistance. This intermediary component carries the chemical modification (such as 2'-O-methyl or phosphorothioate) that protects against degradation, while the hybridization allows the mRNA to maintain its translation function.
2Reliability
If adjuvants are used to provoke inflammatory response, then immune induction is improved, but safety and efficacy are affected
Solution Approach 1:
The invention enables the mRNA vaccine to provoke its own inflammatory response through the hybridized modified RNA oligomer structure. The double-stranded RNA structure formed by hybridization inherently stimulates immune responses, eliminating the need for separate adjuvant components and their associated safety concerns.
3Reliability
If mRNA carrier is stabilized, then enzyme resistance is improved, but protein expression efficiency is decreased
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the mRNA carrier system into a hybridized complex where the modified RNA oligomer provides stability while the mRNA coding sequence remains accessible for translation. The hybridization occurs in regions that do not interfere with ribosome binding and translation initiation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach stabilizes mRNA carriers, maintains protein expression efficiency, and induces stronger cellular and humoral immunity without the need for adjuvants, improving the safety and effectiveness of mRNA vaccines.
Implementation Method 1
allowing an RNA oligomer having a sequence complementary to an mRNA to hybridize with the mRNA
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a functionalized mRNA including mRNA and double-stranded RNA including at least one RNA oligomer hybridized with mRNA. Functionalized mRNA is provided according to this configuration.